CVE-2025-48108 is a Missing Authorization vulnerability (CWE-862) identified in the Mojoomla School Management software, affecting versions up to 93.2.0. This vulnerability arises from improperly configured access control mechanisms, allowing users with limited privileges (requiring low privileges but no user interaction) to perform unauthorized actions that should be restricted. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.5 (medium severity), with the vector indicating network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), privileges required (PR:L), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), no confidentiality impact (C:N), high integrity impact (I:H), and no availability impact (A:N). Essentially, an attacker with some level of authenticated access can exploit this flaw remotely to modify or manipulate data within the system, compromising data integrity without affecting confidentiality or availability. The vulnerability does not require user interaction, increasing the risk of automated or scripted exploitation once credentials or access are obtained. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability is significant in the context of school management systems, where data integrity is critical for student records, grades, and administrative functions. Unauthorized modifications could lead to data corruption, fraud, or operational disruptions.

For European organizations, particularly educational institutions using Mojoomla School Management, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized data manipulation. The integrity of sensitive student and administrative data could be compromised, potentially leading to incorrect academic records, financial discrepancies, or unauthorized changes to schedules and permissions. Such impacts could undermine trust in the institution's data handling and lead to regulatory scrutiny under GDPR if personal data is affected indirectly. Although confidentiality is not directly impacted, the integrity breach could facilitate further attacks or fraud. The lack of availability impact means the system remains operational, but the corrupted data could cause long-term operational and reputational damage. European schools and educational authorities relying on this software should be vigilant, as the vulnerability can be exploited remotely by authenticated users, which might include insiders or compromised accounts.

1. Immediate review and tightening of access control policies within the Mojoomla School Management system to ensure that users have only the minimum necessary privileges. 2. Implement strict role-based access controls (RBAC) and verify that all sensitive operations require appropriate authorization checks. 3. Monitor and audit user activities for unusual or unauthorized actions, especially those involving data modification. 4. Enforce strong authentication mechanisms to reduce the risk of account compromise, including multi-factor authentication (MFA) where possible. 5. Segregate administrative functions and sensitive data access to limit exposure. 6. Regularly update and patch the software once a vendor-provided fix becomes available. 7. Conduct penetration testing focused on access control weaknesses to identify and remediate similar issues proactively. 8. Educate staff about the importance of safeguarding credentials and recognizing potential insider threats. 9. If feasible, implement application-layer firewalls or web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block unauthorized access attempts targeting this vulnerability.