CVE-2025-4847 is a buffer overflow vulnerability identified in FreeFloat FTP Server version 1.0, specifically within the MLS Command Handler component. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to send specially crafted requests to the FTP server, triggering a buffer overflow condition. Buffer overflows occur when more data is written to a buffer than it can hold, potentially overwriting adjacent memory and leading to unpredictable behavior such as crashes, data corruption, or arbitrary code execution. The vulnerability is exploitable remotely without any authentication or user interaction, increasing its risk profile. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9, categorized as medium severity, reflecting the ease of exploitation (network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required) but limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (each rated low impact). No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no official patches or mitigations have been published yet. The FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 is an older FTP server product, and the MLS Command Handler likely processes specific FTP commands related to multi-level security or file handling, which when manipulated improperly, cause the overflow. Given the nature of FTP servers as network-facing services, this vulnerability could be leveraged to disrupt file transfer services or potentially execute arbitrary code on affected systems if exploited successfully.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability depends largely on the presence and deployment of FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 within their infrastructure. FTP servers are commonly used for file transfers in various industries including manufacturing, logistics, and government. Exploitation could lead to denial of service by crashing the FTP server or potentially unauthorized code execution, which might allow attackers to pivot into internal networks or exfiltrate sensitive data. Although the CVSS score indicates medium severity with limited confidentiality and integrity impact, the lack of authentication and remote exploitability means attackers could scan and target vulnerable servers broadly. Organizations relying on FreeFloat FTP Server for critical file transfer operations could experience service disruption, impacting business continuity. Additionally, if attackers achieve code execution, they could compromise internal systems, leading to data breaches or further lateral movement. European organizations with compliance requirements such as GDPR must consider the risk of data exposure or service unavailability due to this vulnerability.

Given the absence of official patches, European organizations should immediately audit their networks to identify any instances of FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 in use. If found, the best mitigation is to discontinue use or isolate the server from external networks to prevent remote exploitation. Network-level controls such as firewall rules should restrict access to the FTP server only to trusted IP addresses. Employing intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures or anomaly detection for FTP traffic can help detect exploitation attempts. Organizations should consider migrating to modern, actively maintained FTP server software with secure coding practices and regular updates. If continued use is necessary, running the FTP server in a sandboxed or containerized environment can limit the impact of potential exploitation. Regular network scanning and vulnerability assessments should be conducted to detect any exposure. Finally, monitoring logs for unusual FTP commands or connection patterns related to the MLS Command Handler may provide early warning of exploitation attempts.