CVE-2025-48707 is a high-severity vulnerability identified in Stormshield Network Security (SNS) products prior to version 5.0.1. The issue arises in certain High Availability (HA) configurations where TPM (Trusted Platform Module) authentication information can be inadvertently shared among multiple administrators. TPM is a hardware-based security feature designed to securely store cryptographic keys and perform platform integrity checks. In this vulnerability, the improper handling or sharing of TPM authentication data between administrators leads to secret sharing, which violates the principle of least privilege and compromises the confidentiality of sensitive authentication credentials. The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-284 (Improper Access Control), indicating that the system fails to adequately restrict access to sensitive TPM authentication information. According to the CVSS v3.1 vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N), the vulnerability can be exploited remotely without any privileges or user interaction, with low attack complexity. The primary impact is a complete loss of confidentiality of TPM authentication secrets, although the integrity and availability of the system are not directly affected. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches are explicitly linked, but upgrading to SNS version 5.0.1 or later is implied to remediate the issue. This vulnerability could allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access to TPM-protected credentials, potentially enabling further unauthorized administrative actions or lateral movement within the network infrastructure.

For European organizations, especially those relying on Stormshield Network Security appliances for perimeter defense and network segmentation, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. The unauthorized disclosure of TPM authentication secrets could allow attackers to impersonate legitimate administrators or bypass security controls that rely on TPM-based authentication. This could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive network segments, exposure of confidential data, and potential compromise of critical infrastructure. Given that Stormshield is a European cybersecurity vendor with strong market presence in France, Germany, and other EU countries, organizations in these regions are more likely to be affected. The vulnerability undermines trust in hardware-based security mechanisms, which are often used to meet stringent European data protection regulations such as GDPR. Exploitation could result in data breaches with legal and financial repercussions, damage to reputation, and operational disruptions. The lack of required privileges or user interaction for exploitation increases the risk of automated or remote attacks targeting vulnerable SNS devices.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should prioritize upgrading all affected Stormshield Network Security devices to version 5.0.1 or later, where the issue is resolved. In the absence of immediate patch availability, organizations should review and tighten HA configurations to ensure TPM authentication information is not shared or replicated across administrators unnecessarily. Implement strict access controls and audit logging around administrative accounts and TPM-related operations to detect anomalous access patterns. Network segmentation should be enforced to limit exposure of SNS management interfaces to trusted networks only. Additionally, organizations should consider deploying multi-factor authentication for administrative access to SNS devices to reduce the risk of credential misuse. Regularly monitoring vendor advisories and threat intelligence feeds for updates or exploit reports related to this CVE is also recommended. Finally, conducting internal security assessments and penetration tests focusing on HA configurations and TPM usage can help identify and remediate potential weaknesses before exploitation.