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CVE-2025-48780: CWE-502 Deserialization of Untrusted Data in Soar Cloud System CO., LTD. HRD Human Resource Management System

Critical
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-48780cvecve-2025-48780cwe-502
Published: Fri Jun 06 2025 (06/06/2025, 09:19:04 UTC)
Source: CVE Database V5
Vendor/Project: Soar Cloud System CO., LTD.
Product: HRD Human Resource Management System

Description

A deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability in the download file function of Soar Cloud HRD Human Resource Management System through version 7.3.2025.0408 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary system commands via a crafted serialized object.

AI-Powered Analysis

AILast updated: 07/07/2025, 18:13:07 UTC

Technical Analysis

CVE-2025-48780 is a critical security vulnerability classified under CWE-502, which pertains to the deserialization of untrusted data. This vulnerability affects the Soar Cloud System CO., LTD.'s HRD Human Resource Management System (HRD HRMS) up to version 7.3.2025.0408. The flaw exists specifically in the download file function, where the system improperly handles serialized objects received from potentially untrusted sources. An attacker can craft a malicious serialized object that, when processed by the vulnerable deserialization routine, leads to arbitrary system command execution without requiring any authentication or user interaction. This means remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability over the network with no privileges, potentially gaining full control over the affected system. The CVSS 4.0 base score of 9.9 reflects the critical nature of this vulnerability, highlighting its high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, combined with ease of exploitation. The vulnerability's scope is limited to the HRD HRMS product but given the nature of human resource management systems, which often contain sensitive personal and organizational data, the impact can be severe. No patches or mitigations have been officially released at the time of publication, and there are no known exploits in the wild yet, though the criticality suggests that exploitation attempts may emerge rapidly. The vulnerability's presence in a core function like file download increases the attack surface and risk of exploitation in enterprise environments.

Potential Impact

For European organizations using the Soar Cloud HRD Human Resource Management System, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive employee data, including personal identification information, payroll details, and organizational structure. This could result in data breaches violating GDPR and other privacy regulations, leading to legal penalties and reputational damage. Additionally, arbitrary command execution could allow attackers to deploy ransomware, disrupt HR operations, or pivot to other internal systems, amplifying the impact. Given the criticality and unauthenticated remote exploitability, organizations could face operational downtime and loss of trust from employees and partners. The HR domain is often targeted for espionage and insider threat activities, making this vulnerability particularly attractive to threat actors targeting European enterprises, especially in sectors like finance, government, and healthcare where HR data is highly sensitive.

Mitigation Recommendations

Immediate mitigation steps include: 1) Isolate the HRD HRMS system from direct internet exposure by placing it behind strict network segmentation and firewalls to limit access to trusted internal networks only. 2) Implement application-layer filtering or Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious serialized object payloads targeting the download file function. 3) Monitor logs for unusual deserialization activity or unexpected commands executed on the system. 4) Engage with Soar Cloud System CO., LTD. to obtain official patches or updates as soon as they become available. 5) If patching is delayed, consider disabling or restricting the download file functionality temporarily, or replacing it with safer alternatives that do not deserialize untrusted data. 6) Conduct thorough security assessments and penetration testing focusing on deserialization vectors within the HRD HRMS environment. 7) Educate IT and security teams about this vulnerability to ensure rapid detection and response to potential exploitation attempts. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on network controls, application-layer defenses, and operational monitoring tailored to this specific vulnerability.

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Technical Details

Data Version
5.1
Assigner Short Name
ZUSO ART
Date Reserved
2025-05-26T06:21:43.117Z
Cvss Version
4.0
State
PUBLISHED

Threat ID: 6842b4bf182aa0cae209a476

Added to database: 6/6/2025, 9:28:31 AM

Last enriched: 7/7/2025, 6:13:07 PM

Last updated: 8/1/2025, 9:31:07 PM

Views: 64

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