CVE-2025-48783 is a high-severity vulnerability classified under CWE-73, which pertains to external control of file name or path. This vulnerability affects the delete file function in the Soar Cloud System CO., LTD. HRD Human Resource Management System, specifically through version 7.3.2025.0408. The flaw allows remote attackers to specify arbitrary file paths when invoking the delete file functionality, enabling them to delete partial files outside the intended scope. Because the vulnerability requires no authentication (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and can be exploited remotely over the network (AV:N), it presents a significant risk. The CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.8 reflects the high impact on confidentiality and availability, as attackers can remove critical files, potentially disrupting HR operations and causing data loss or denial of service. The vulnerability does not require privileges or user interaction, increasing its exploitability. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the potential for damage is substantial given the nature of the affected system, which manages sensitive human resource data and operational files. The lack of available patches at the time of reporting further elevates the risk for organizations using this software.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability could be severe. Human Resource Management Systems (HRMS) contain sensitive personal data protected under GDPR, including employee records, payroll information, and other confidential data. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized deletion of critical HR files, causing operational disruption, loss of data integrity, and potential non-compliance with data protection regulations. This could result in financial penalties, reputational damage, and legal consequences. Additionally, deletion of files could disrupt payroll processing, employee onboarding, and other HR functions, impacting business continuity. Given that the vulnerability allows remote unauthenticated deletion of files, attackers could leverage this to cause targeted sabotage or broader denial of service attacks against HR infrastructure. The absence of user interaction and privileges required means attacks could be automated and widespread if the system is exposed to the internet or insufficiently segmented within corporate networks.

European organizations using the Soar Cloud HRD Human Resource Management System should immediately assess exposure of the affected versions and restrict network access to the HR system to trusted internal networks only. Implement strict network segmentation and firewall rules to limit remote access to the HR system's delete file functionality. Monitor logs for unusual file deletion requests or patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. Until an official patch is released, consider deploying virtual patching via Web Application Firewalls (WAF) to block suspicious file path parameters or malformed requests targeting the delete function. Conduct thorough backups of HR data and verify restoration procedures to minimize impact in case of file deletion. Engage with the vendor for timely updates and patches. Additionally, perform code audits or penetration testing focused on file path handling to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities. Educate IT and security teams about this specific threat to ensure rapid detection and response.