CVE-2025-48928 is a medium-severity vulnerability affecting the TeleMessage service, which is implemented as a JSP (JavaServer Pages) application. The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-528, which concerns the exposure of core dump files or similar memory dumps to unauthorized entities. In this case, the heap content of the application is roughly equivalent to a core dump and may contain sensitive information such as passwords previously transmitted over HTTP. This exposure occurs because the heap memory, which can include sensitive data like plaintext passwords, is accessible or leaked in a manner that unauthorized users can exploit. Although the vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction and has a low attack vector (local access), it can lead to the disclosure of confidential information, specifically passwords, compromising confidentiality. The CVSS v3.1 score is 4.0, reflecting a medium severity level primarily due to the limited attack vector (local) and the absence of impact on integrity or availability. The vulnerability was publicly disclosed on May 28, 2025, and there are no known exploits in the wild at this time. No patches have been linked yet, indicating that remediation may still be pending or in development. The root cause is the improper handling or exposure of heap memory content, which acts like a core dump, allowing sensitive data leakage. This is particularly critical because passwords sent over HTTP (an unencrypted protocol) are already vulnerable, and their presence in memory dumps exacerbates the risk of credential compromise if an attacker gains local access to the system or memory dumps.

For European organizations using the TeleMessage service, this vulnerability poses a risk of credential exposure, which can lead to unauthorized access to user accounts or internal systems if attackers gain local access to the affected servers or memory dumps. The exposure of passwords in memory dumps undermines confidentiality and could facilitate lateral movement or privilege escalation within an organization. Although the vulnerability requires local access, insider threats or attackers who have already compromised a low-privilege account could exploit this to escalate their access. The impact is particularly concerning for organizations handling sensitive communications or regulated data, such as financial institutions, healthcare providers, or government agencies in Europe, where data protection regulations like GDPR impose strict requirements on protecting personal data. The lack of integrity or availability impact means the service itself may continue functioning normally, potentially delaying detection of the breach. Since the vulnerability involves passwords sent over HTTP, organizations that have not yet migrated to secure protocols (HTTPS/TLS) are at higher risk. Overall, the threat could lead to data breaches, regulatory penalties, and reputational damage if exploited.

1. Immediately transition all TeleMessage service communications to use HTTPS/TLS to prevent passwords from being transmitted in plaintext over HTTP. 2. Implement secure coding practices to avoid storing sensitive information such as passwords in heap memory or ensure that such memory is securely cleared after use. 3. Restrict local access to servers running the TeleMessage service to trusted personnel only and enforce strict access controls and monitoring to detect unauthorized access attempts. 4. Employ memory protection mechanisms and avoid generating or exposing core dumps or memory snapshots that contain sensitive data. 5. Monitor system logs and memory dump files for unauthorized access or suspicious activity. 6. Coordinate with the TeleMessage vendor to obtain and apply patches or updates that address this vulnerability once available. 7. Conduct regular security audits and penetration tests focusing on memory handling and sensitive data exposure. 8. Educate staff about the risks of transmitting sensitive information over unencrypted channels and enforce policies to use secure communication methods.