CVE-2025-48928 is a vulnerability identified in the TeleMessage service, which is implemented as a JSP-based application. The issue arises because the heap memory content of the application roughly equates to a 'core dump' that can include sensitive information such as passwords previously transmitted over unencrypted HTTP connections. This exposure is classified under CWE-528, which concerns the exposure of core dump files or memory contents to unauthorized control spheres. In this case, an attacker with local access to the system hosting the TeleMessage service could potentially extract these sensitive passwords from the heap memory dump. The vulnerability was publicly disclosed on May 28, 2025, and has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.0, reflecting a medium severity level. The vector string (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N) indicates that the attack requires local access (AV:L), has low attack complexity (AC:L), requires no privileges (PR:N), and no user interaction (UI:N). The impact is limited to confidentiality (C:L) with no impact on integrity or availability. No patches have been linked yet, and no exploits have been reported in the wild. The vulnerability highlights the risk of transmitting passwords over HTTP and the importance of protecting memory dumps and heap contents from unauthorized access.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-48928 is the potential unauthorized disclosure of user passwords and other sensitive data stored in heap memory dumps of the TeleMessage service. While the vulnerability requires local access to the affected system, this could be exploited by insiders or attackers who have gained limited foothold within the network. Exposure of passwords can lead to further compromise of user accounts, lateral movement, and escalation of privileges. Since the vulnerability does not affect integrity or availability, the direct operational impact is limited; however, the confidentiality breach can undermine trust and lead to regulatory compliance issues under GDPR, especially if personal data is involved. Organizations relying on TeleMessage for critical communications or messaging services may face increased risk of credential theft and subsequent attacks. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as attackers may develop exploits post-disclosure.

To mitigate CVE-2025-48928, European organizations should: 1) Immediately restrict local access to systems running the TeleMessage service to trusted personnel only, employing strict access controls and monitoring. 2) Avoid transmitting passwords or sensitive credentials over unencrypted HTTP; enforce HTTPS/TLS for all communications to prevent sensitive data from being stored in memory in plaintext. 3) Monitor and audit heap memory dumps and core dump files to ensure they are not accessible to unauthorized users. 4) Implement memory protection mechanisms and secure coding practices to minimize sensitive data retention in memory. 5) Stay alert for vendor patches or updates addressing this vulnerability and apply them promptly once available. 6) Conduct internal security assessments to detect any unauthorized access or data leakage related to this vulnerability. 7) Educate staff about the risks of local system access and the importance of secure credential handling.