CVE-2025-48999 is a medium-severity vulnerability affecting DataEase, an open source business intelligence and data visualization tool. This vulnerability arises from improper restriction of communication channels to intended endpoints (CWE-923) combined with insufficient access control (CWE-284). Specifically, it is a bypass of a previous patch (CVE-2025-46566) in versions of DataEase prior to 2.10.10. The vulnerability occurs in the function getUrlType(), which retrieves the hostname from a malicious payload. Due to a flawed conditional check, the malicious hostname is not properly filtered or validated, allowing an attacker to directly concatenate crafted input into a JDBC statement. This can lead to injection of malicious SQL commands, potentially compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the database backend. The vulnerability requires low privileges (PR:L) but no user interaction (UI:N) and can be exploited remotely over the network (AV:N) with high complexity (AC:H). The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (VC:H, VI:H, VA:H), indicating that successful exploitation can lead to significant data breaches, unauthorized data manipulation, or service disruption. The vulnerability does not require authentication but is mitigated by the need for a complex attack vector. The issue is fixed in DataEase version 2.10.10, which includes a patch that properly validates and restricts the communication channel and input to prevent malicious JDBC statement construction. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, but the presence of a patch indicates active maintenance and recognition of the risk. Organizations using DataEase versions prior to 2.10.10 are at risk of exploitation if exposed to untrusted inputs or network access to the vulnerable component.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-48999 can be significant, especially for those relying on DataEase for business intelligence and data visualization. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive business data, manipulation of reports, or disruption of analytics services, affecting decision-making and operational continuity. Given the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, organizations could face regulatory compliance issues under GDPR if personal or sensitive data is compromised. Additionally, reputational damage and financial losses could result from data breaches or service outages. The medium severity and complexity of exploitation mean that while not trivial, determined attackers with some access could leverage this vulnerability. European entities in sectors such as finance, healthcare, manufacturing, and government that use DataEase for critical data processing are particularly at risk. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate threat but does not eliminate the risk, especially if attackers develop new techniques to exploit the bypass.

1. Immediate upgrade to DataEase version 2.10.10 or later to apply the official patch addressing this vulnerability. 2. Implement strict input validation and sanitization on all data inputs to DataEase, especially those that influence JDBC statements. 3. Restrict network access to DataEase services to trusted internal networks and use network segmentation to limit exposure. 4. Employ database access controls and least privilege principles to minimize the impact of any injection attacks. 5. Monitor logs for unusual JDBC query patterns or errors that may indicate attempted exploitation. 6. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on injection vulnerabilities in DataEase deployments. 7. Educate developers and administrators on secure coding and configuration practices related to JDBC and data visualization tools. 8. Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules targeting SQL injection attempts as an additional layer of defense.