CVE-2025-49002 is a high-severity authentication bypass vulnerability affecting DataEase, an open source business intelligence and data visualization tool. The flaw exists in versions prior to 2.10.10 and stems from an incomplete patch for a previous vulnerability (CVE-2025-32966). Specifically, the patch attempted to block the use of certain commands such as INIT and RUNSCRIPT to prevent exploitation. However, due to case insensitivity in command processing, attackers can bypass these restrictions by using alternate casing variations of these commands, effectively circumventing the patch. This allows an attacker to spoof authentication, gaining unauthorized access without valid credentials. The vulnerability does not require user interaction, privileges, or network complexity beyond remote access, but it does have a high attack complexity due to the need to craft specific payloads exploiting the case insensitivity. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high, as unauthorized access could lead to data exposure, manipulation, or disruption of business intelligence operations. The issue has been fixed in DataEase version 2.10.10, but no known workarounds exist for vulnerable versions. No known exploits are currently observed in the wild, but the presence of a bypass in a previously patched vulnerability indicates a significant risk if left unaddressed.

For European organizations using DataEase versions prior to 2.10.10, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Unauthorized access to business intelligence and data visualization tools can lead to exposure of sensitive business data, including financial reports, customer information, and strategic analytics. This can result in intellectual property theft, competitive disadvantage, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR violations), and potential financial losses. The ability to bypass authentication without user interaction or privileges increases the risk of automated or remote exploitation, potentially impacting availability if attackers disrupt or manipulate data visualizations and reports. Given the critical role of BI tools in decision-making, exploitation could also impair operational effectiveness. The lack of workarounds means organizations must prioritize patching to mitigate risk. Additionally, the high CVSS score (8.2) underscores the severity and potential for impactful breaches if exploited.

European organizations should immediately upgrade DataEase to version 2.10.10 or later to remediate this vulnerability. Until patching is complete, organizations should restrict network access to DataEase instances, limiting exposure to trusted internal networks only. Implement network segmentation and firewall rules to block unauthorized external access. Monitor logs for unusual command usage or authentication anomalies that could indicate exploitation attempts. Employ application-layer intrusion detection or web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious command patterns, including case variations of INIT and RUNSCRIPT. Conduct thorough audits of user accounts and permissions to minimize the attack surface. Additionally, organizations should review and enhance incident response plans to quickly address potential exploitation. Regularly verify that all DataEase instances are updated and that no legacy versions remain in production environments.