CVE-2025-4908 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.1 of the PHPGurukul Daily Expense Tracker System. The vulnerability resides in the /expense-datewise-reports-detailed.php file, specifically in the handling of the 'fromdate' and 'todate' input parameters. These parameters are used to filter expense reports by date, but due to insufficient input validation and sanitization, an attacker can inject malicious SQL code. This flaw allows remote attackers to manipulate backend database queries without requiring authentication or user interaction, potentially leading to unauthorized data access or modification. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation, although no known exploits have been observed in the wild yet. The CVSS 4.0 score is 6.9 (medium severity), reflecting the network attack vector, no required privileges or user interaction, but limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability affects only version 1.1 of the product, and no official patches have been published at the time of disclosure.

For European organizations using the PHPGurukul Daily Expense Tracker System version 1.1, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of financial data. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to extract sensitive expense information, manipulate financial records, or escalate further attacks within the network. Given that the system is designed to track daily expenses, compromised data could lead to financial fraud, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR violations due to exposure of personal or financial data), and reputational damage. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the attack increases the threat surface, especially for organizations exposing this system to the internet or insufficiently segmented internal networks. Although no active exploits are reported, the public disclosure may prompt threat actors to develop and deploy exploits, increasing the urgency for mitigation.

European organizations should immediately audit their environments to identify any deployments of PHPGurukul Daily Expense Tracker System version 1.1. Since no official patches are currently available, organizations should implement the following mitigations: 1) Apply strict input validation and sanitization on the 'fromdate' and 'todate' parameters, preferably using parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. 2) Restrict access to the affected PHP script by limiting network exposure through firewalls or VPNs, ensuring only trusted users can reach the application. 3) Monitor web server and database logs for unusual query patterns or error messages indicative of injection attempts. 4) Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection payloads targeting these parameters. 5) Plan for an upgrade or replacement of the vulnerable system with a patched or alternative solution as soon as it becomes available. 6) Educate developers and administrators on secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities in future deployments.