CVE-2025-4911 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 2.1 of the PHPGurukul Zoo Management System, specifically within the /admin/view-foreigner-ticket.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'viewid' parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject malicious SQL code by manipulating the 'viewid' argument, potentially enabling unauthorized access to or modification of the backend database. The vulnerability does not require any user interaction or privileges, making it remotely exploitable over the network without authentication. The disclosed CVSS 4.0 score is 6.9, categorized as medium severity, reflecting the ease of exploitation (network vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required) but limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (each rated low). While no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the public disclosure increases the risk of exploitation attempts. The vulnerability affects only version 2.1 of the PHPGurukul Zoo Management System, a niche application used for managing zoo operations, including ticketing and visitor management. The SQL Injection could allow attackers to extract sensitive data, alter records, or disrupt system functionality, depending on the database privileges of the application. Given the administrative context of the vulnerable script, exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to visitor data and operational information.

For European organizations operating zoos or wildlife parks using PHPGurukul Zoo Management System 2.1, this vulnerability poses a risk of data breach and operational disruption. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of visitor information, including foreign visitor ticket details, potentially violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. Integrity of ticketing and visitor records could be compromised, affecting operational reliability and trust. Availability impacts are likely limited but could include denial of service if the database is manipulated or corrupted. The medium severity rating suggests a moderate risk; however, organizations with high visitor volumes or sensitive visitor data could face reputational damage and regulatory penalties. Since the vulnerability is remotely exploitable without authentication, attackers could target these systems from anywhere, increasing the threat landscape. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate it, especially after public disclosure.

1. Immediate upgrade or patching: Organizations should check for any official patches or updates from PHPGurukul addressing CVE-2025-4911 and apply them promptly. 2. Input validation and sanitization: If patching is not immediately possible, implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block malicious payloads targeting the 'viewid' parameter. 3. Restrict access: Limit access to the /admin/view-foreigner-ticket.php endpoint to trusted IP addresses or VPN users to reduce exposure. 4. Database permissions: Ensure the database user account used by the application has the least privileges necessary, preventing unauthorized data modification or extraction. 5. Monitoring and logging: Enable detailed logging of web requests and database queries to detect anomalous activities indicative of SQL injection attempts. 6. Incident response readiness: Prepare to respond to potential exploitation by having backups and recovery procedures in place. 7. Code review: Conduct a thorough security review of the PHPGurukul Zoo Management System source code to identify and remediate other potential injection points.