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CVE-2025-49254: CWE-98 Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') in thembay Nika

High
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-49254cvecve-2025-49254cwe-98
Published: Tue Jun 17 2025 (06/17/2025, 15:01:28 UTC)
Source: CVE Database V5
Vendor/Project: thembay
Product: Nika

Description

Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in thembay Nika allows PHP Local File Inclusion. This issue affects Nika: from n/a through 1.2.8.

AI-Powered Analysis

AILast updated: 06/17/2025, 15:53:01 UTC

Technical Analysis

CVE-2025-49254 is a high-severity vulnerability classified under CWE-98, which pertains to improper control of filenames used in include or require statements within PHP applications. Specifically, this vulnerability affects the thembay Nika product, versions up to and including 1.2.8. The flaw allows an attacker to perform PHP Local File Inclusion (LFI), where the application improperly validates or sanitizes user-supplied input that determines which files are included or required by the PHP runtime. This can lead to an attacker including arbitrary files from the local filesystem, potentially exposing sensitive information, executing arbitrary PHP code, or causing denial of service. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 8.1, indicating a high severity level. The vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) shows that the attack can be performed remotely over the network without privileges or user interaction, but requires high attack complexity. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high, meaning successful exploitation could lead to full system compromise. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability was published on June 17, 2025, and reserved on June 4, 2025. The lack of authentication and user interaction requirements combined with the ability to execute arbitrary code makes this a critical concern for any deployment of the thembay Nika product, especially in web-facing environments.

Potential Impact

For European organizations using thembay Nika, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data, including configuration files, credentials, or customer information, severely impacting confidentiality. Integrity could be compromised by injecting malicious code or altering application behavior, potentially enabling further attacks such as privilege escalation or lateral movement within networks. Availability could also be affected if attackers leverage the vulnerability to crash the application or server. Given the remote network attack vector and lack of required privileges or user interaction, attackers can exploit this vulnerability at scale, potentially targeting multiple organizations simultaneously. This is particularly concerning for sectors with high reliance on web applications, such as e-commerce, finance, healthcare, and government services. The absence of known exploits in the wild suggests a window of opportunity for defenders to patch or mitigate before widespread attacks occur. However, the high attack complexity may limit immediate exploitation but does not eliminate the threat. Organizations failing to address this vulnerability risk data breaches, regulatory penalties under GDPR, reputational damage, and operational disruptions.

Mitigation Recommendations

1. Immediate mitigation should focus on updating thembay Nika to a version that addresses this vulnerability once a patch is released. Until then, organizations should implement strict input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied data that influences file inclusion paths, ensuring only allowed files or directories can be referenced. 2. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious requests attempting to manipulate include parameters or path traversal sequences. 3. Restrict PHP configuration settings such as 'allow_url_include' to 'Off' and disable 'allow_url_fopen' if not required, reducing the risk of remote file inclusion. 4. Use least privilege principles for the web server and PHP process, limiting file system access to only necessary directories to contain potential damage. 5. Conduct thorough code reviews and security testing focusing on file inclusion logic to identify and remediate similar issues. 6. Monitor logs for unusual access patterns or errors related to file inclusion attempts. 7. Segment networks to isolate critical systems and reduce lateral movement opportunities if compromise occurs. 8. Educate development and operations teams about secure coding practices related to file handling in PHP applications.

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Technical Details

Data Version
5.1
Assigner Short Name
Patchstack
Date Reserved
2025-06-04T09:41:14.293Z
Cvss Version
3.1
State
PUBLISHED

Threat ID: 68518789a8c921274385df27

Added to database: 6/17/2025, 3:19:37 PM

Last enriched: 6/17/2025, 3:53:01 PM

Last updated: 8/2/2025, 6:27:33 PM

Views: 12

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