CVE-2025-49487 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-427 (Uncontrolled Search Path Element) affecting the SaaS client version of Trend Micro Worry-Free Business Security Services (WFBSS). The vulnerability arises from the software's improper handling of search paths, allowing an attacker with physical access to the target machine to execute arbitrary code. Specifically, the flaw enables an attacker to manipulate the search path used by the WFBSS agent to load components or executables, potentially causing the agent to load malicious code instead of legitimate files. Exploitation requires physical access to the device, as the attacker must interact with specific hardware components to influence the search path. This vulnerability does not affect the on-premise version of WFBSS, only the SaaS client version. The issue has been addressed in a prior monthly maintenance update for the SaaS agent, and no further customer action is required if the agent is kept up to date. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 6.8, indicating a medium severity level. The vector string (AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) shows that the attack vector is physical access, with low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No known exploits are currently in the wild. This vulnerability highlights the risks associated with uncontrolled search paths in security software, especially when physical access is possible, as it can lead to full system compromise through code execution.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-49487 is primarily tied to environments where Trend Micro WFBSS SaaS clients are deployed on endpoints that could be physically accessed by unauthorized individuals. Successful exploitation could lead to complete compromise of affected endpoints, including unauthorized data access, manipulation, and disruption of security services. This could undermine the overall security posture, allowing attackers to bypass protections and potentially move laterally within networks. However, the requirement for physical access significantly limits remote exploitation risks. Organizations with high-value physical assets or endpoints in less controlled environments (e.g., branch offices, public access areas) are at greater risk. Since the vulnerability affects confidentiality, integrity, and availability, it could lead to data breaches, operational disruptions, and loss of trust in security infrastructure. Given that the SaaS client is affected and not the on-premise version, organizations relying on the SaaS deployment model need to ensure timely patching to avoid exposure. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially in insider threat scenarios or targeted physical attacks.

1. Verify that all Trend Micro WFBSS SaaS client agents are updated to the latest monthly maintenance version that addresses CVE-2025-49487. 2. Implement strict physical security controls to prevent unauthorized access to endpoints, including secure storage, access logging, and surveillance in sensitive areas. 3. Employ endpoint hardening measures such as disabling unused hardware interfaces and enforcing device control policies to limit physical manipulation opportunities. 4. Conduct regular audits of endpoint security configurations and verify the integrity of installed security agents. 5. Educate staff on the risks of physical tampering and establish protocols for reporting suspicious activity. 6. For organizations using the SaaS client, consider network segmentation to isolate critical systems and reduce the impact of a compromised endpoint. 7. Monitor endpoint behavior for anomalies that could indicate exploitation attempts, including unexpected process launches or modifications to security agent files. 8. Maintain an up-to-date asset inventory to quickly identify and remediate vulnerable devices. These steps go beyond generic patching advice by emphasizing physical security and operational controls tailored to the exploitation vector.