VulnerabilityPublished 1 Jul 2025

CVE-2025-49488: ASR Falcon_Linux、Kestrel、Lapwing_Linux · Improper Resource Shutdown or Release

Affects ASR Falcon_Linux、Kestrel、Lapwing_LinuxSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.4 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 10:12 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

5.4Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 20% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: None
Availability: Low

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker is authorized with (i.e., requires) privileges that provide basic user capabilities that could normally affect only settings and files owned by a user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges may have the ability to cause an impact only to non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the impacted component.
Availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the impacted component are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 1 Jul 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
ASR Falcon_Linux、Kestrel、Lapwing_Linux	Affected =0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Immediate mitigation should include monitoring router resource usage metrics such as memory, file handles, and CPU load to detect abnormal resource consumption patterns that may indicate exploitation or resource leaks.
Restrict access to router management interfaces to trusted administrators only, using strong authentication and network segmentation to reduce the risk of low-privilege attackers exploiting the vulnerability.
Apply firmware updates or patches from the vendor as soon as they become available to address the improper resource shutdown issue.
If patches are not yet available, consider temporary workarounds such as scheduled router reboots during maintenance windows to clear leaked resources and maintain stability.
Conduct network segmentation and redundancy planning to minimize the impact of potential router outages on critical services.
Engage with the vendor for detailed remediation guidance and to obtain early access to fixes or mitigations.
Implement logging and alerting on router anomalies to enable rapid detection and response to potential exploitation attempts.

Description

Improper Resource Shutdown or Release vulnerability in ASR180x 、ASR190x in router components allows Resource Leak Exposure. This vulnerability is associated with program files router/phonebook/pb.c. This issue affects Falcon_Linux、Kestrel、Lapwing_Linux: before v1536.

Impact

For European organizations, this vulnerability could affect network infrastructure stability, especially in enterprises or service providers using ASR180x and ASR190x routers running Falcon_Linux, Kestrel, or Lapwing_Linux firmware versions before v1536. Resource leaks can accumulate over time, potentially causing routers to slow down, crash, or reboot unexpectedly, leading to network outages or degraded service quality. This can disrupt business operations, especially for critical infrastructure, telecommunications providers, or large enterprises relying on these routers for internal or external connectivity. Although the confidentiality impact is low, availability degradation can affect service-level agreements and operational continuity. The requirement for low privileges to exploit means that insider threats or attackers who have gained limited access could leverage this vulnerability to cause denial of service conditions. Given the importance of network infrastructure in European digital economies and critical sectors, the vulnerability poses a moderate risk to operational resilience.

CWE-404Improper Resource Shutdown or Release (opens in a new tab)
Class weaknessLikelihood of exploit: Medium
The product does not release or incorrectly releases a resource before it is made available for re-use.
Requirements · Language Selection
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Implementation
It is good practice to be responsible for freeing all resources you allocate and to be consistent with how and where you free memory in a function. If you allocate memory that you intend to free upon completion of the function, you must be sure to free the memory at all exit points for that function including error…
Implementation
Memory should be allocated/freed using matching functions such as malloc/free, new/delete, and new[]/delete[].
Attack patterns
TCP Fragmentation (opens in a new tab)
UDP Fragmentation (opens in a new tab)
ICMP Fragmentation (opens in a new tab)
BlueSmacking (opens in a new tab)
Flooding (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

asrmicro.com/en/goods/psirt?cid=40 (opens in a new tab)

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 1 Jul 2025, 11:24 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-404

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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