CVE-2025-50102 is a vulnerability identified in Oracle Corporation's MySQL Server, specifically within the Server Optimizer component. It affects multiple supported versions, including 8.0.0 through 8.0.42, 8.4.0 through 8.4.5, and 9.0.0 through 9.3.0. The vulnerability allows a high-privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to exploit the flaw without requiring user interaction. The attack vector is network-based with low attack complexity, but it requires the attacker to have high privileges on the MySQL Server. Successful exploitation results in a denial-of-service (DoS) condition by causing the MySQL Server to hang or crash repeatedly, impacting availability. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-400, which relates to uncontrolled resource consumption leading to DoS. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 4.9, indicating a medium severity primarily due to its impact on availability without affecting confidentiality or integrity. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability's nature suggests it could be leveraged in targeted attacks to disrupt database services, especially in environments where MySQL is critical for operations. Given the requirement for high privileges, exploitation is likely limited to insiders or attackers who have already compromised administrative credentials or systems with elevated access to the database server.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-50102 could be significant in sectors relying heavily on MySQL databases for critical applications, such as finance, telecommunications, e-commerce, and public services. A successful DoS attack could lead to service outages, disrupting business operations, customer access, and internal processes. This could result in financial losses, reputational damage, and potential regulatory scrutiny under frameworks like GDPR if service availability affects data processing commitments. The requirement for high privileges reduces the risk of widespread exploitation but increases the threat from insider attacks or advanced persistent threats (APTs) that have already gained elevated access. Organizations with complex network architectures exposing MySQL servers over multiple protocols are at greater risk. Additionally, the lack of current patches means organizations must rely on mitigation strategies until official fixes are available, increasing exposure time. The vulnerability does not compromise data confidentiality or integrity directly but the availability impact alone can have cascading effects on business continuity and incident response capabilities.

1. Restrict network access to MySQL servers by implementing strict firewall rules and network segmentation to limit exposure to trusted hosts and administrative networks only. 2. Enforce the principle of least privilege by auditing and minimizing high-privileged accounts that can access MySQL servers, including service accounts and administrative users. 3. Monitor and log all administrative access and unusual activity on MySQL servers to detect potential misuse of high privileges early. 4. Temporarily disable or restrict less secure protocols or interfaces that provide network access to MySQL if they are not essential. 5. Implement resource limits and timeout settings on MySQL to mitigate the impact of potential resource exhaustion or hanging caused by exploitation attempts. 6. Prepare incident response plans specifically addressing MySQL service availability issues, including rapid failover or service restart procedures. 7. Stay updated with Oracle’s security advisories and apply patches promptly once they become available. 8. Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) or Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious traffic patterns targeting MySQL services. 9. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on database servers to identify privilege escalation and network exposure risks.