The security threat identified as CVE-2025-51044 pertains to a SQL injection vulnerability in the phpGurukul Nipah virus (NiV) Testing Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists specifically in the /new-user-testing.php file, where the "govtissuedid" parameter is not properly validated before being used in SQL queries. This lack of input sanitization allows an attacker to inject malicious SQL code, potentially manipulating the backend database. SQL injection vulnerabilities can lead to unauthorized data access, data modification, or even complete compromise of the database server. In this case, the vulnerable parameter is likely used to identify users or test subjects, which could expose sensitive personal or health-related information if exploited. The absence of a CVSS score and patch links indicates that this vulnerability is newly published and may not yet have an official fix or widespread exploitation. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction to be exploited, increasing its risk profile. However, no known exploits are currently reported in the wild.

For European organizations, especially those involved in healthcare, public health monitoring, or pandemic response, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. The Nipah virus Testing Management System likely handles sensitive health data, including personally identifiable information (PII) and medical test results. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of patient data, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, resulting in legal and financial penalties. Furthermore, attackers could alter test results or user records, undermining public health efforts and trust in health authorities. The potential for database compromise could also facilitate further attacks within the network, such as lateral movement or ransomware deployment. Given the critical nature of health data and the ongoing importance of infectious disease monitoring, this vulnerability could disrupt essential services and damage organizational reputations.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately review and sanitize all user inputs, particularly the "govtissuedid" parameter in the /new-user-testing.php file. Implementing prepared statements with parameterized queries is essential to prevent SQL injection. Conduct a thorough code audit of the entire application to identify and remediate similar input validation issues. Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) configured to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting this parameter. Monitor application logs for unusual query patterns or repeated failed attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Since no official patch is currently available, organizations should consider isolating or restricting access to the affected system until a fix is released. Additionally, ensure that database accounts used by the application have the least privileges necessary to limit the impact of a potential breach. Regular backups and incident response plans should be updated to address potential exploitation scenarios.