CVE-2025-5140 is a server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability identified in the Seeyon Zhiyuan OA Web Application System, specifically affecting versions up to 8.1 SP2. The vulnerability resides in the method this.oursNetService.getData within the ThirdMenuController.class file (path: com\ours\www\ehr\openPlatform1\open4ClientType\controller). The flaw allows an attacker to manipulate the 'url' argument passed to this function, enabling them to coerce the server into making arbitrary HTTP requests to internal or external resources. This SSRF vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector. The vendor has not responded to disclosure attempts, and no official patch is currently available. Although no known exploits are reported in the wild, the public disclosure of the exploit code increases the risk of exploitation. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3 (medium severity), reflecting moderate impact and ease of exploitation. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability to a limited extent, as the attacker can potentially access internal services, scan internal networks, or cause denial of service by triggering unintended requests. However, the vulnerability does not require privileges or user interaction, increasing its risk profile. The lack of vendor response and patch availability means organizations using Seeyon Zhiyuan OA 8.1 SP2 remain exposed until mitigations or updates are applied.

For European organizations using Seeyon Zhiyuan OA Web Application System, this SSRF vulnerability poses a significant risk. The ability to force the server to make arbitrary requests can lead to unauthorized internal network reconnaissance, access to sensitive internal services (such as databases, metadata services, or intranet applications), and potential data exfiltration or lateral movement within the network. Confidentiality could be compromised if internal endpoints expose sensitive information. Integrity and availability could also be affected if attackers leverage SSRF to trigger destructive actions or denial of service conditions on internal resources. Given that Seeyon Zhiyuan OA is an office automation platform, it likely handles sensitive corporate data, workflows, and communications, increasing the potential impact. The absence of a vendor patch and the public availability of exploit details heighten the urgency for European organizations to implement mitigations. The medium CVSS score suggests moderate risk, but the real-world impact could be higher depending on the internal network architecture and the criticality of the OA system within the organization.

1. Immediate mitigation should include implementing network-level controls to restrict the OA server's outbound HTTP requests, limiting them only to trusted destinations. 2. Deploy web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious SSRF payloads targeting the vulnerable 'url' parameter. 3. Conduct internal network segmentation to isolate critical internal services from the OA server's network segment, reducing the attack surface. 4. Monitor logs for unusual outbound requests from the OA server, especially to internal IP ranges or unexpected external endpoints. 5. If possible, disable or restrict the functionality invoking this.oursNetService.getData until a patch is available. 6. Engage with Seeyon or third-party security vendors for potential unofficial patches or workarounds. 7. Plan for an update or migration to a patched version once available. 8. Educate IT and security teams about SSRF risks and detection techniques specific to this product. These targeted mitigations go beyond generic advice by focusing on network controls, monitoring, and application-specific restrictions.