CVE-2025-51643 identifies a security vulnerability in Meitrack T366G-L GPS Tracker devices, specifically related to the SPI flash memory chip (Winbond 25Q64JVSIQ) embedded within these devices. The vulnerability arises because the SPI flash chip is accessible without any authentication or tamper protection mechanisms. This means that an attacker who gains physical access to the device can directly interface with the SPI flash memory using a standard SPI programmer and open-source tools such as flashrom. By doing so, the attacker can extract the firmware stored on the device. The firmware contains sensitive configuration data including APN (Access Point Name) credentials, backend server information, and network parameters. Exposure of these details can lead to further compromise of the device’s communication channels and backend infrastructure. The vulnerability does not require remote exploitation but depends on physical access, which limits the attack vector to scenarios where the attacker can physically handle the device. No patches or firmware updates have been indicated, and no known exploits are currently reported in the wild. The lack of authentication or tamper protection on the SPI flash chip represents a significant design oversight, as it allows extraction of sensitive data that could facilitate cloning, unauthorized tracking, or backend system attacks. The vulnerability was reserved in June 2025 and published in August 2025, but no CVSS score has been assigned yet.

For European organizations using Meitrack T366G-L GPS trackers, this vulnerability poses a risk primarily in environments where physical security of the devices cannot be guaranteed. The exposure of APN credentials and backend server information could allow attackers to intercept or manipulate GPS data streams, potentially leading to unauthorized tracking, data leakage, or disruption of logistics and fleet management operations. Confidentiality is directly impacted as sensitive network credentials and backend details can be extracted. Integrity could be compromised if attackers use the extracted firmware to clone devices or inject malicious firmware versions. Availability impact is limited unless attackers use the information to disrupt backend services. Organizations relying on these GPS trackers for critical asset tracking, vehicle monitoring, or personnel safety could face operational disruptions and privacy violations. The risk is heightened in sectors such as transportation, logistics, emergency services, and critical infrastructure management. Since exploitation requires physical access, the threat is more significant in scenarios where devices are deployed in unsecured or publicly accessible locations. The absence of tamper protection also means that detection of such attacks may be difficult, increasing the risk of prolonged undetected compromise.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should implement strict physical security controls to prevent unauthorized access to the GPS tracker devices. This includes secure mounting locations, tamper-evident seals, and regular physical inspections. Where possible, replace or upgrade devices to models with secure flash memory that includes authentication and tamper protection features. Network-level mitigations include monitoring for unusual APN usage or backend server access patterns that could indicate credential compromise. Organizations should consider segmenting backend systems to minimize the impact of leaked credentials. Additionally, encrypting sensitive configuration data within the firmware and employing secure boot mechanisms can reduce the risk of firmware extraction and tampering in future device deployments. If firmware updates or patches become available from the vendor, they should be applied promptly. Finally, organizations should maintain an inventory of deployed devices and conduct risk assessments to identify devices in high-risk physical environments and prioritize their protection or replacement.