CVE-2025-5172 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in the Econtrata software, specifically affecting versions up to 20250516. The vulnerability resides in an unspecified function within the /valida file, where the 'usuario' parameter is susceptible to malicious input manipulation. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to remotely execute arbitrary SQL commands against the backend database without requiring any user interaction. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, and although no known exploits are currently observed in the wild, the availability of the exploit code increases the risk of exploitation. The vendor has been contacted but has not responded or provided a patch, leaving affected systems exposed. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9, indicating a medium severity level, with attack vector network (remote), low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. However, SQL Injection vulnerabilities inherently carry significant risks, including unauthorized data access, data modification, or complete system compromise depending on the database privileges and application context. The lack of vendor response and patch availability heightens the urgency for organizations to implement mitigations promptly.

For European organizations using Econtrata, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk to data confidentiality and integrity. Attackers exploiting this SQL Injection could extract sensitive user information, manipulate or delete data, or escalate attacks to compromise backend systems. Given that Econtrata is likely used in HR or recruitment contexts (based on the product name), the exposure of personal data could violate GDPR regulations, leading to legal penalties and reputational damage. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit means attackers can target these systems over the internet without needing credentials or user interaction, increasing the attack surface. The absence of vendor patches means organizations must rely on compensating controls, increasing operational overhead. Additionally, the public disclosure of the vulnerability and exploit code availability may lead to increased scanning and targeted attacks against European entities using this software.

Since no official patch is available, European organizations should immediately implement the following mitigations: 1) Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL Injection attempts targeting the 'usuario' parameter in the /valida endpoint. 2) Conduct thorough input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied data, especially the 'usuario' parameter, to neutralize malicious SQL payloads. 3) Restrict database user privileges associated with the application to the minimum necessary, preventing unauthorized data manipulation or extraction. 4) Monitor application logs and network traffic for unusual query patterns or repeated failed attempts indicative of exploitation attempts. 5) Consider temporarily disabling or restricting access to the vulnerable functionality if feasible until a vendor patch is released. 6) Engage with the vendor or community for updates and potential unofficial patches or workarounds. 7) Prepare incident response plans specific to SQL Injection attacks to minimize impact if exploitation occurs.