CVE-2025-52040 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in the Frappe ERPNext platform, specifically in version 15.57.5. The vulnerability exists in the function get_blanket_orders() located in the erpnext/controllers/queries.py file. The flaw arises due to improper sanitization or validation of the blanket_order_type parameter, which is directly used in constructing SQL queries. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious SQL code into the blanket_order_type parameter, allowing unauthorized extraction of sensitive data from the underlying database. This type of injection attack can lead to full disclosure of confidential information stored within the ERP system, including financial records, customer data, and operational details. Since ERPNext is an enterprise resource planning system widely used by organizations to manage business processes, the compromise of its database integrity and confidentiality can have severe consequences. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, increasing the risk of exploitation. No CVSS score has been assigned yet, and there are no known public exploits or patches available at the time of publication, which suggests that organizations using the affected version should prioritize mitigation efforts proactively.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability could be significant. ERPNext is used by various companies across Europe for managing critical business functions such as inventory, sales, purchasing, and accounting. Exploitation of this SQL Injection flaw could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive corporate data, resulting in data breaches, financial losses, and reputational damage. Additionally, exposure of personal data could trigger violations of the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), leading to regulatory fines and legal consequences. The ability to extract database information without authentication increases the risk of widespread data compromise. Furthermore, attackers could leverage the extracted data to conduct further attacks such as identity theft, fraud, or corporate espionage. The disruption of ERP systems could also impact business continuity and operational efficiency, especially for SMEs that rely heavily on ERPNext for daily operations.

European organizations using Frappe ERPNext 15.57.5 should immediately review and restrict access to the affected get_blanket_orders() function and the blanket_order_type parameter. Implementing strict input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements in the codebase is critical to prevent SQL Injection. Until an official patch is released, organizations should consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL Injection attempts targeting this parameter. Conduct thorough code audits and penetration testing focused on SQL Injection vectors within ERPNext modules. Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary to limit the impact of potential exploitation. Monitor logs for suspicious query patterns or unusual database access. Additionally, organizations should maintain regular backups of ERP data and have an incident response plan ready to address potential breaches. Engaging with the ERPNext community or vendor for updates and patches is also recommended to ensure timely remediation.