VulnerabilityPublished 27 May 2025

CVE-2025-5220: FreeFloat FTP Server · Buffer Overflow

Affects FreeFloat FTP ServerSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 6.9 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 11:42 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

6.9Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.7% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 54% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: Low
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the Vulnerable System are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 27 May 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
FreeFloat FTP Server	Affected =1.0.0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Immediate mitigation should include isolating or disabling the FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0.0 instances until a patch is available.
Restrict network exposure of the FTP server by limiting access via firewall rules to trusted IP addresses only, reducing the attack surface.
Monitor network traffic for unusual GET command requests or anomalous FTP activity that could indicate exploitation attempts.
Employ intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures or heuristics capable of detecting buffer overflow attempts targeting FTP GET commands.
If continued use is necessary, consider deploying application-layer proxies or FTP gateways that can sanitize or validate FTP commands before reaching the server.
Plan and prioritize upgrading or migrating to a more secure and actively maintained FTP server solution.
Maintain comprehensive logging and conduct regular security audits of FTP server usage and configurations.
Educate IT staff on this vulnerability to ensure rapid response to any suspicious activity.

Description

A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component GET Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Impact

For European organizations using FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0.0, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized remote code execution or denial of service, which could lead to data breaches, service outages, or further network compromise. FTP servers often handle sensitive file transfers, so exploitation could result in exposure or manipulation of confidential data. The medium CVSS score reflects some limitations in impact scope or exploit complexity, but the absence of authentication and user interaction requirements means attackers can attempt exploitation at scale. Organizations relying on this FTP server for critical file transfer operations may face operational disruptions and reputational damage if exploited. Additionally, compromised FTP servers could serve as footholds for lateral movement within corporate networks. Given the public disclosure and lack of patches, European entities should consider the vulnerability a significant operational risk until mitigated.

Summary

CVE-2025-5220 is a buffer overflow vulnerability identified in FreeFloat FTP Server version 1.0.0, specifically within the GET Command Handler component. This vulnerability arises due to improper handling of input data in the GET command, allowing an attacker to send crafted requests that overflow the buffer allocated for processing this command. The overflow can corrupt adjacent memory, potentially enabling arbitrary code execution or causing a denial of service. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring authentication or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). Although the CVSS score is 6.9 (medium severity), the nature of buffer overflows typically presents significant risks, especially if exploited to execute arbitrary code. No patches or fixes have been published yet, and no known exploits are reported in the wild at this time. However, the public disclosure of the vulnerability increases the risk of exploitation attempts. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0.0 of the FreeFloat FTP Server, which is a specialized FTP server product. The lack of authentication requirement and the remote attack vector make this vulnerability particularly concerning for exposed FTP servers running this version, as attackers can potentially compromise the server or disrupt its availability remotely.

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 11 Jul 2025, 10:48 UTC

Technical details

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