CVE-2025-52410 is a critical security vulnerability classified as a time-based blind SQL injection affecting the Institute-of-Current-Students v1.0 software. The vulnerability exists in the mydetailsstudent.php endpoint where the 'myds' GET parameter is incorporated into SQL queries without adequate sanitization or use of prepared statements. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to craft specially designed HTTP requests that manipulate the SQL query logic, enabling extraction of sensitive data, modification or deletion of database contents, and potentially full compromise of the backend database server. The time-based blind nature means attackers can infer data by measuring response delays, making exploitation feasible even when direct error messages are suppressed. The CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 reflects the vulnerability's high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with no privileges or user interaction required and network attack vector. Although no public exploits have been observed yet, the vulnerability's characteristics make it a prime target for attackers. The lack of available patches necessitates immediate mitigation efforts such as input validation, use of parameterized queries, and deployment of web application firewalls. This vulnerability falls under CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command), a well-known and frequently exploited class of vulnerabilities.

For European organizations, particularly educational institutions using the Institute-of-Current-Students software, this vulnerability poses a severe risk. Exploitation can lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive student and institutional data, including personal identifiable information (PII), academic records, and possibly financial information. Data integrity can be compromised through unauthorized modifications or deletions, undermining trust and operational continuity. Availability may also be affected if attackers execute destructive SQL commands or cause database lockups, leading to service outages. The reputational damage and regulatory consequences under GDPR for data breaches could be significant. Furthermore, the ease of exploitation without authentication or user interaction increases the likelihood of automated attacks and widespread compromise. Organizations lacking timely mitigation may face prolonged exposure and increased risk of targeted attacks or ransomware deployment leveraging this vulnerability.

Immediate mitigation steps include implementing strict input validation and sanitization on the 'myds' GET parameter to prevent malicious SQL code injection. Refactoring the application code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements is essential to eliminate the root cause. In the absence of an official patch, deploying a web application firewall (WAF) with rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the vulnerable endpoint can reduce risk. Monitoring web server and database logs for unusual query patterns or delays indicative of time-based SQL injection attempts is recommended. Restricting database user permissions to the minimum necessary can limit the impact of a successful exploit. Organizations should also conduct thorough code reviews and penetration testing to identify and remediate similar injection flaws elsewhere. Finally, preparing an incident response plan specific to database compromise scenarios will improve readiness in case exploitation occurs.