CVE-2025-53175 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in Huawei's HarmonyOS versions 5.1.0 and 5.0.1. The vulnerability arises during the parsing of vector images in the file preview function. Specifically, when the system processes vector image files for preview, improper handling of input data can lead to a stack overflow condition. This type of vulnerability, classified under CWE-121, occurs when a program writes more data to a buffer located on the stack than it can hold, potentially overwriting adjacent memory. Although the CVSS score is rated medium (4.0) with an attack vector of local (AV:L), low complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), and no user interaction (UI:N), the impact is limited to availability (A:L) without affecting confidentiality or integrity. Successful exploitation could cause the file preview function to crash or become unresponsive, potentially leading to denial of service on affected devices. There is no indication that this vulnerability allows for code execution or privilege escalation. No known exploits are reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. The vulnerability was published on July 7, 2025, with the initial reservation date of June 27, 2025.

For European organizations, the primary impact of this vulnerability lies in potential service disruption on devices running affected HarmonyOS versions, particularly those used in enterprise environments or critical infrastructure. While the vulnerability does not compromise data confidentiality or integrity, denial of service conditions could interrupt business operations, especially if devices are used for essential communication or control systems. Given the local attack vector, exploitation requires an attacker to have local access to the device, which limits remote exploitation risks. However, in environments where devices are shared or physically accessible, such as public kiosks or shared workstations, the risk of exploitation increases. The impact is more pronounced in sectors relying on Huawei HarmonyOS devices for operational continuity. Since no known exploits exist yet, the immediate threat level is moderate, but organizations should remain vigilant as attackers may develop exploits over time.

Organizations should implement the following specific mitigation strategies: 1) Monitor for updates from Huawei and apply patches promptly once available to address this vulnerability. 2) Restrict local access to devices running HarmonyOS, especially in shared or public environments, to reduce the risk of local exploitation. 3) Disable or limit the use of the file preview function for vector images if feasible, or use alternative secure file viewers that are not vulnerable. 4) Employ endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting abnormal application crashes or buffer overflow attempts on HarmonyOS devices. 5) Conduct regular security training to raise awareness about the risks of local attacks and encourage secure handling of devices. 6) Implement device usage policies that minimize exposure to untrusted vector image files, including scanning files before preview. These measures go beyond generic advice by focusing on controlling local access, usage policies, and monitoring specific to the affected functionality.