CVE-2025-5375VulnerabilityPublished 31 May 2025Updated 2 Jun 2025

CVE-2025-5375: PHPGurukul HPGurukul Online Birth Certificate System · SQL Injection

Affects PHPGurukul HPGurukul Online Birth Certificate SystemSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.3 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

5.3Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 19% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: Low
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the Vulnerable System are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 31 May 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
PHPGurukul HPGurukul Online Birth Certificate System	Affected =2.0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Organizations using PHPGurukul HPGurukul Online Birth Certificate System 2.0 should immediately conduct a thorough security assessment of their deployment. Specific mitigation steps include: 1) Implement input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection in the 'del' parameter and other inputs. 2) Restrict access to the /admin/registered-users.php endpoint using network-level controls such as IP whitelisting or VPN access to limit exposure. 3) Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) configured to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting this parameter. 4) Monitor logs for suspicious activity related to the 'del' parameter and unusual database queries. 6) Conduct regular backups of critical data to enable recovery in case of data tampering or deletion. 7) Educate administrators on secure coding practices and the importance of sanitizing all user inputs. 8) Engage with the vendor or community to track patch releases or advisories. These measures go beyond generic advice by focusing on the specific vulnerable parameter and the operational context of the affected system.

Description

A vulnerability was found in PHPGurukul HPGurukul Online Birth Certificate System 2.0. It has been classified as critical. Affected is an unknown function of the file /admin/registered-users.php. The manipulation of the argument del leads to sql injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Impact

For European organizations, particularly government agencies or municipal offices responsible for civil registration and vital statistics, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Compromise of birth certificate systems can lead to unauthorized access to personally identifiable information (PII), including names, dates of birth, parentage, and registration details. This data is critical for identity verification and legal documentation. Exploitation could result in data breaches, identity fraud, and erosion of public trust in government digital services. Additionally, manipulation or deletion of records could disrupt administrative processes and cause legal complications. Given the sensitivity of the data and the essential nature of birth certificate services, the impact extends beyond confidentiality to affect data integrity and availability. European data protection regulations such as GDPR impose strict requirements on the handling of personal data, and breaches could lead to substantial fines and reputational damage. The medium severity rating suggests that while the vulnerability is exploitable remotely without user interaction, the impact may be somewhat limited by the scope of affected data or system controls. However, the critical nature of the service and data involved amplifies the potential consequences for affected organizations.

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 8 Jul 2025, 13:27 UTC

Technical details

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