CVE-2025-5383 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in Yifang CMS versions up to 2.0.2, specifically within the Article Management Module. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'Default Value' argument, which can be manipulated by an attacker to inject malicious scripts. This flaw allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of the affected web application. The vulnerability does not require authentication but does require user interaction, such as a victim visiting a crafted URL or interacting with a compromised page. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:H indicates high privileges required, but this conflicts with the description; assuming a discrepancy, the description suggests no authentication needed), user interaction required (UI:P), and low impact on integrity and availability, with no impact on confidentiality. Exploits have been publicly disclosed, but no known widespread exploitation is reported yet. The vulnerability is classified as medium severity with a CVSS score of 4.8, reflecting moderate risk primarily due to the potential for session hijacking, phishing, or defacement through script injection.

For European organizations using Yifang CMS, this vulnerability poses a risk of client-side attacks that can lead to session hijacking, credential theft, or distribution of malware via malicious scripts. Although the impact on server confidentiality and availability is limited, the exploitation can damage organizational reputation, lead to regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR if personal data is compromised), and disrupt user trust. Organizations in sectors with high web presence, such as e-commerce, media, and public services, may face increased risks. The remote exploitability and public disclosure increase the urgency for mitigation, especially in environments where CMS instances are exposed to the internet without additional protective controls.

To mitigate CVE-2025-5383, organizations should immediately upgrade Yifang CMS to a version beyond 2.0.2 once a patch is released. In the absence of an official patch, implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-controllable inputs, particularly the 'Default Value' field in the Article Management Module. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict script execution sources and reduce the impact of injected scripts. Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) should be configured to detect and block typical XSS payloads targeting this vulnerability. Additionally, conduct regular security audits and penetration testing focusing on CMS modules to identify similar injection points. Educate users about phishing risks and suspicious links to reduce the effectiveness of social engineering attacks leveraging this vulnerability.