CVE-2025-54093 is a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability classified under CWE-367, found in the TCP/IP implementation of Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1507 (build 10.0.10240.0). The flaw arises when the system performs a security check on a resource and then uses that resource without revalidating its state, allowing a race condition where an attacker can manipulate the resource between check and use. This vulnerability requires the attacker to have local access with limited privileges and involves a high complexity attack vector, meaning it is not trivial to exploit but feasible under certain conditions. Exploiting this vulnerability enables privilege escalation, granting the attacker elevated rights on the system, potentially leading to full system compromise. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as an attacker could execute arbitrary code or disrupt system operations. No user interaction is required, and the scope is limited to the local system. There are no known public exploits or patches available at the time of publication, increasing the risk for unpatched legacy systems. The vulnerability is rated with a CVSS v3.1 score of 7.0 (high severity), reflecting the significant impact but mitigated by the need for local access and high attack complexity.

The primary impact of CVE-2025-54093 is local privilege escalation on affected Windows 10 Version 1507 systems. An attacker with limited local access can exploit the race condition to gain elevated privileges, potentially allowing them to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM-level rights. This can lead to complete system compromise, unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of services, and persistence on the affected machine. Organizations relying on legacy Windows 10 installations, especially in isolated or controlled environments, face increased risk if attackers gain local foothold. The vulnerability could be leveraged as a stepping stone in multi-stage attacks, including lateral movement within networks. Although no exploits are currently known in the wild, the absence of patches and the high impact make this a critical concern for affected systems. The requirement for local access and high complexity reduces the likelihood of widespread exploitation but does not eliminate the threat in targeted scenarios.

1. Upgrade affected systems from Windows 10 Version 1507 to a supported and fully patched Windows version to eliminate the vulnerability entirely. 2. If upgrading is not immediately possible, restrict local access to affected machines by enforcing strict physical and network access controls, including limiting administrative privileges and using endpoint protection solutions. 3. Employ application whitelisting and behavior monitoring to detect unusual privilege escalation attempts. 4. Monitor system logs for suspicious activity indicative of race condition exploitation or privilege escalation. 5. Implement strict user account control policies to minimize the number of users with local privileges. 6. Use virtualization or sandboxing for legacy applications requiring Windows 10 Version 1507 to isolate potential exploitation. 7. Stay alert for official patches or security advisories from Microsoft and apply updates promptly once available. 8. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on local privilege escalation vectors to identify and remediate weaknesses.