CVE-2025-54276 is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability classified under CWE-125 affecting Adobe Substance3D - Modeler versions 1.22.3 and earlier. The vulnerability arises during the parsing of a crafted file, where the software reads memory beyond the allocated buffer, potentially exposing sensitive data or corrupting memory. This memory corruption can be leveraged by attackers to execute arbitrary code within the context of the current user. Exploitation requires that a victim opens a maliciously crafted file, indicating that user interaction is mandatory. The vulnerability has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8, reflecting high severity due to its impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, combined with low attack complexity and no required privileges. Although no public exploits are known at this time, the risk remains significant given the potential for code execution. Adobe has not yet published patches, so affected users must rely on interim mitigations. The vulnerability is particularly concerning for environments where Adobe Substance3D - Modeler is used to handle untrusted files or collaborate with external partners, as attackers could craft files to target specific users or organizations.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-54276 can be substantial, especially in industries relying heavily on Adobe Substance3D - Modeler, such as digital media, gaming, animation, and product design. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized code execution, enabling attackers to steal intellectual property, deploy malware, or move laterally within networks. Confidentiality is at risk due to potential data leakage from out-of-bounds reads, while integrity and availability could be compromised through arbitrary code execution and potential system crashes. Given the requirement for user interaction, phishing or social engineering campaigns could be used to deliver malicious files. The lack of a patch increases exposure time, and organizations with less mature endpoint protection or user awareness programs are more vulnerable. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged in targeted attacks against creative agencies or design departments, which are critical to many European companies’ operations and innovation pipelines.

European organizations should implement several specific mitigations beyond generic advice: 1) Restrict the use of Adobe Substance3D - Modeler to trusted users and environments, minimizing exposure to untrusted files. 2) Employ application whitelisting and sandboxing to limit the impact of potential code execution. 3) Educate users on the risks of opening files from unknown or untrusted sources, emphasizing phishing awareness. 4) Monitor network and endpoint logs for unusual behaviors indicative of exploitation attempts, such as unexpected process launches or memory access violations. 5) Use advanced endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools capable of detecting anomalous memory reads or code injection attempts. 6) Coordinate with Adobe for timely patch deployment once available and consider temporary disabling of file import features if feasible. 7) Implement strict file validation and scanning policies on email gateways and file-sharing platforms to block malicious files before reaching end users.