CVE-2025-54277 is an Incorrect Authorization vulnerability (CWE-863) identified in Adobe Commerce, a widely used e-commerce platform. The flaw exists in versions 2.4.9-alpha2, 2.4.8-p2, 2.4.7-p7, 2.4.6-p12, 2.4.5-p14, 2.4.4-p15, and earlier. This vulnerability allows an attacker to bypass authorization mechanisms and gain unauthorized read access to certain data within the system. Notably, exploitation does not require any user interaction or prior authentication, increasing the risk of automated or remote attacks. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality by exposing data that should be restricted but does not affect data integrity or system availability. The CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 reflects a medium severity level due to the network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, and no user interaction needed. Although no public exploits have been reported yet, the vulnerability could be leveraged to gather sensitive information, potentially aiding further attacks or data leakage. Adobe has not yet published patches or mitigations at the time of this report, so organizations must monitor for updates and apply them promptly once available.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized data disclosure from Adobe Commerce installations. Given the platform's role in managing e-commerce transactions, customer data, and business operations, unauthorized read access could expose sensitive customer information, pricing data, or internal business details. This exposure could lead to reputational damage, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR violations), and potential financial losses. The absence of required authentication and user interaction means attackers can exploit this remotely and at scale, increasing the threat surface. Organizations relying heavily on Adobe Commerce for online sales, especially those handling large volumes of personal data, face heightened risks. The medium severity rating indicates a moderate but non-trivial impact, emphasizing the need for timely remediation to prevent data leakage and maintain trust.

1. Monitor Adobe's official channels for security patches addressing CVE-2025-54277 and apply them immediately upon release. 2. Until patches are available, implement strict network-level access controls to limit exposure of Adobe Commerce administrative and API endpoints to trusted IPs only. 3. Conduct a thorough review of authorization configurations within Adobe Commerce to ensure least privilege principles are enforced and no excessive read permissions are granted. 4. Enable detailed logging and monitoring of access to sensitive data areas within the platform to detect anomalous or unauthorized access attempts. 5. Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious requests targeting authorization bypass patterns. 6. Educate security teams and developers about the vulnerability to increase awareness and readiness for incident response. 7. Regularly audit third-party extensions or customizations in Adobe Commerce that might exacerbate authorization weaknesses.