CVE-2025-5431 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in AssamLook CMS version 1.0, specifically within an unspecified function in the /department-profile.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'ID' parameter, which allows an attacker to inject malicious SQL code. This injection can be performed remotely without requiring user interaction or authentication, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/UI:N/PR:L). The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, but no patch or vendor response has been provided to date. The CVSS 4.0 score is 5.3, categorized as medium severity, reflecting limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (all rated low), and requiring low privileges (PR:L) for exploitation. The absence of known exploits in the wild suggests limited active exploitation currently, but the public disclosure increases the risk of future attacks. The vulnerability could allow attackers to manipulate backend database queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access or modification, depending on the database schema and application logic. The lack of vendor response and patch availability increases the urgency for organizations using AssamLook CMS 1.0 to implement mitigations.

For European organizations using AssamLook CMS 1.0, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized access to sensitive data stored in the CMS database, including potentially confidential departmental information. Although the CVSS score indicates medium severity, the ability to perform SQL Injection remotely without user interaction or authentication means attackers could exploit this flaw to extract or alter data, disrupt services, or pivot to further attacks within the network. The impact is heightened for organizations relying on AssamLook CMS for critical web presence or internal information management. Data breaches resulting from exploitation could lead to regulatory non-compliance under GDPR, reputational damage, and operational disruptions. The lack of vendor patches means organizations must rely on compensating controls to mitigate risk. Given the public disclosure, attackers may develop exploits targeting European entities, especially those with limited cybersecurity maturity or monitoring capabilities.

1. Immediate mitigation should include implementing web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL Injection attempts targeting the 'ID' parameter in /department-profile.php. 2. Conduct thorough input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied inputs, especially the 'ID' parameter, using parameterized queries or prepared statements if possible. 3. If source code access is available, review and refactor the vulnerable function to eliminate direct concatenation of user input into SQL queries. 4. Monitor web server and application logs for suspicious query patterns or anomalous access attempts related to the vulnerable endpoint. 5. Restrict database user privileges to the minimum necessary to limit the impact of a successful injection. 6. Consider isolating or temporarily disabling the affected functionality if feasible until a vendor patch or official fix is released. 7. Engage with the vendor or community to seek updates or patches and stay informed about any emerging exploits. 8. Implement network-level segmentation and intrusion detection systems to detect lateral movement attempts following exploitation.