CVE-2025-54330 is a vulnerability identified in the Neural Processing Unit (NPU) component of the Samsung Exynos 1380 mobile processor, disclosed in November 2025. The issue is an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) occurring in the __is_done_for_me function, where the code improperly accesses the q->bufs[] array without adequate bounds checking. This flaw allows an attacker to read memory beyond the intended buffer limits, potentially exposing sensitive data stored in adjacent memory regions. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely (Attack Vector: Network) without requiring privileges or user interaction, making it accessible to attackers who can send crafted inputs to the affected device. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.3 (medium severity), reflecting a low impact on confidentiality (partial data disclosure), and no impact on integrity or availability. No patches have been released yet, and no exploits are known in the wild. The Exynos 1380 is widely used in mid-range Samsung smartphones, which are prevalent in many European markets. This vulnerability could be leveraged in targeted attacks or data leakage scenarios, especially if combined with other vulnerabilities. Due to the nature of the flaw, exploitation requires sending malicious data to the device's NPU interface, which may be exposed via specific APIs or system components handling AI workloads.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-54330 lies in potential confidentiality breaches on mobile devices using the Exynos 1380 processor. Sensitive information processed or stored in memory buffers accessible by the NPU could be leaked, which might include biometric data, cryptographic keys, or user data handled by AI features. While the vulnerability does not affect system integrity or availability, data leakage risks can lead to privacy violations, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR), and reputational damage. Organizations relying on Samsung mobile devices for secure communications or sensitive applications could face targeted attacks exploiting this flaw. The risk is heightened in sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government, where mobile device security is critical. Additionally, the vulnerability could be used as a foothold for further exploitation if combined with other vulnerabilities. The lack of patches at present means exposure remains until Samsung issues updates and users apply them.

1. Monitor Samsung's official security advisories and apply firmware or software updates promptly once patches for CVE-2025-54330 are released. 2. Until patches are available, restrict network exposure of devices with Exynos 1380 processors by limiting connections to trusted networks and disabling unnecessary services that interface with the NPU. 3. Employ mobile device management (MDM) solutions to enforce security policies, restrict installation of untrusted applications, and monitor device behavior for anomalies. 4. Educate users about avoiding suspicious links, apps, or network connections that could trigger exploitation attempts targeting the NPU. 5. For organizations developing AI or machine learning applications on affected devices, review and harden interfaces interacting with the NPU to reduce attack surface. 6. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration tests focusing on mobile endpoints to detect potential exploitation attempts. 7. Collaborate with Samsung and mobile security vendors to gain early access to patches or mitigations and share threat intelligence related to this vulnerability.