CVE-2025-54609VulnerabilityPublished 6 Aug 2025

CVE-2025-54609: Huawei HarmonyOS · Out-of-bounds Read

Affects Huawei HarmonyOSSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.4 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

5.4Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 7% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: Required
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: Required: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 6 Aug 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Huawei HarmonyOS	Affected =5.1.0 =5.0.1	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

1. Monitor Huawei's official security advisories and promptly apply patches or updates once available for HarmonyOS versions 5.0.1 and 5.1.0. 2. Implement network-level controls to restrict or monitor incoming audio streams from untrusted sources, reducing exposure to crafted malicious audio data. 3. Educate users about the risks of opening unsolicited or suspicious audio files or streams, emphasizing caution with user interaction that could trigger the vulnerability. 4. Employ endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting anomalous behavior related to audio processing or memory access violations on Huawei devices. 5. For organizations deploying HarmonyOS devices in critical environments, consider segmenting these devices on separate network zones to limit potential lateral movement or impact. 6. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on audio processing components to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities proactively. 7. If feasible, temporarily disable or restrict audio codec functionalities that are not essential until patches are applied, minimizing the attack surface.

Description

Out-of-bounds access vulnerability in the audio codec module. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.

Impact

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability depends largely on the adoption of Huawei HarmonyOS devices within their infrastructure or user base. HarmonyOS is primarily deployed on Huawei smartphones, IoT devices, and smart home products. Organizations using Huawei devices for communication, collaboration, or IoT management could face risks of service disruption or data leakage through exploitation of this vulnerability. Although the CVSS score suggests medium severity with limited confidentiality and integrity impact, the possibility of availability impact (e.g., crashes or denial of service) could disrupt business operations, especially in environments relying on real-time audio communication or critical IoT functions. Furthermore, the requirement for user interaction implies that phishing or social engineering could be used to trigger the exploit, increasing the risk in environments with less user security awareness. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk, but the vulnerability should be addressed proactively to prevent future exploitation. Additionally, European organizations involved in telecommunications, smart city infrastructure, or critical services using Huawei hardware may face heightened risks due to the strategic importance of these sectors.

CWE-125Out-of-bounds Read (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessCWE Top 25 (2025): #8
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
Implementation · Input Validation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
Architecture and Design · Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
XML Security (opens in a new tab)
Mass Assignment (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V13.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.4 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.3 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Overread Buffers (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/8/ (opens in a new tab)

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 6 Aug 2025, 02:49 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-125

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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