CVE-2025-54945 is a critical security vulnerability classified under CWE-73 (External Control of File Name or Path) affecting SUNNET Technology Co., Ltd.'s Corporate Training Management System versions before 10.11. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary system commands by controlling the destination file path of a malicious file uploaded or processed by the system. The flaw arises because the application fails to properly validate or sanitize file path inputs, enabling attackers to traverse directories or overwrite critical system files, ultimately leading to remote code execution (RCE). The vulnerability is exploitable over the network without requiring authentication or user interaction, significantly increasing its risk profile. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 10, reflecting its critical severity with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no public exploits are currently known, the absence of patches and the critical nature of the flaw make it a prime target for attackers. The Corporate Training Management System is typically used by enterprises to manage employee training programs, meaning that compromised systems could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive corporate data, disruption of training operations, and potential lateral movement within organizational networks. The vulnerability's exploitation could result in full system compromise, data theft, or service disruption.

For European organizations, exploitation of CVE-2025-54945 could lead to severe operational and security consequences. The ability to execute arbitrary commands remotely without authentication means attackers can gain full control over affected systems, potentially leading to data breaches involving sensitive employee and corporate information. This could disrupt corporate training activities, impacting workforce development and compliance training critical in regulated industries such as finance, healthcare, and manufacturing prevalent in Europe. Additionally, compromised systems could serve as footholds for broader network intrusions, ransomware deployment, or espionage campaigns targeting intellectual property or personal data protected under GDPR. The critical severity and ease of exploitation elevate the threat to a high priority for incident response and risk management teams. Organizations in sectors with high regulatory scrutiny or those involved in critical infrastructure may face additional legal and reputational risks if exploited.

1. Immediately implement network-level controls such as web application firewalls (WAFs) to detect and block suspicious file path manipulations and command injection attempts targeting the Corporate Training Management System. 2. Restrict access to the affected application to trusted internal networks or VPNs until a patch is available. 3. Conduct thorough input validation and sanitization on all file upload and path parameters, ensuring that directory traversal sequences and unauthorized path characters are rejected. 4. Monitor system and application logs for unusual file operations or command executions indicative of exploitation attempts. 5. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to identify and contain potential compromises early. 6. Engage with SUNNET Technology Co., Ltd. for timely patch releases and apply updates as soon as they become available. 7. Consider isolating the Corporate Training Management System on segmented network zones to limit lateral movement in case of compromise. 8. Educate IT and security teams about this vulnerability and establish incident response procedures specific to this threat. 9. Review and tighten file system permissions to minimize the impact of unauthorized file writes or executions. 10. Perform regular vulnerability scans and penetration tests focusing on this vulnerability vector.