CVE-2025-54945 is a critical vulnerability identified in the SUNNET Technology Co., Ltd. Corporate Training Management System versions prior to 10.11. This vulnerability is classified under CWE-73, which pertains to External Control of File Name or Path. The flaw allows a remote attacker to manipulate the destination file path when uploading or handling files within the system. By controlling the file path, the attacker can execute arbitrary system commands on the underlying server without any authentication or user interaction. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network (AV:N), requires no privileges (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and has a very high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:H, VI:H, VA:H). The CVSS 4.0 base score is 10, indicating a critical severity level. This means an attacker can fully compromise the system remotely, potentially gaining control over the server hosting the training management system. The vulnerability stems from improper validation or sanitization of file paths, allowing path traversal or injection of malicious commands. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the ease of exploitation and the critical impact make this a significant threat. No patches or mitigations have been linked yet, so organizations using affected versions are at immediate risk.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be severe. Corporate training systems often contain sensitive employee data, training records, and potentially integration with HR or internal communication systems. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to confidential employee information, disruption of training operations, and lateral movement within the corporate network. The ability to execute arbitrary commands remotely means attackers could deploy ransomware, steal intellectual property, or establish persistent backdoors. Given the critical nature of the vulnerability and the lack of required authentication, any exposed instance of the SUNNET Corporate Training Management System could be compromised rapidly. This could result in regulatory non-compliance, especially under GDPR, due to unauthorized data access or breaches. Additionally, disruption of corporate training could impact workforce readiness and compliance training, which are vital for regulated industries prevalent in Europe such as finance, healthcare, and manufacturing.

1. Immediate isolation of any SUNNET Corporate Training Management System instances running versions prior to 10.11 from external networks until patched. 2. Monitor network traffic for unusual file upload activities or command execution attempts targeting the training system. 3. Implement strict input validation and sanitization on file upload paths, if custom controls are possible before official patches. 4. Restrict file system permissions for the application to the minimum necessary, preventing execution of arbitrary commands even if file paths are manipulated. 5. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious path traversal or command injection patterns targeting this system. 6. Engage with SUNNET Technology Co., Ltd. for timely patch deployment once available. 7. Conduct thorough security audits and penetration testing focused on file handling components of the system. 8. Educate IT and security teams about this vulnerability to ensure rapid incident response if exploitation attempts are detected.