CVE-2025-54946 is a critical SQL injection vulnerability identified in SUNNET Technology Co., Ltd.'s Corporate Training Management System versions prior to 10.11. The root cause is improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands (CWE-89), which allows remote attackers to inject and execute arbitrary SQL statements without authentication or user interaction. This vulnerability enables attackers to manipulate backend databases, potentially leading to unauthorized data disclosure, data modification, or deletion, and in some cases, full system compromise if the database server privileges are extensive. The CVSS 4.0 score of 9.3 reflects its critical nature, with attack vector being network-based (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), and no user interaction needed (UI:N). The vulnerability affects all versions before 10.11, though specific affected version details are not enumerated. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been reported yet, but the high severity and ease of exploitation make it a prime target for attackers once exploit code becomes available. The vulnerability impacts the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data managed by the Corporate Training Management System, which is often used by enterprises to manage employee training records and sensitive corporate information. Given the widespread use of such systems in corporate environments, the vulnerability poses a significant risk to organizational security and compliance requirements.

For European organizations, exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to severe consequences including unauthorized access to sensitive employee and corporate training data, manipulation or deletion of records, and potential lateral movement within the network if attackers gain database-level control. This could result in data breaches violating GDPR regulations, financial losses, reputational damage, and operational disruptions. Organizations relying on SUNNET's Corporate Training Management System for compliance training or critical HR functions may face compliance violations and legal liabilities. The vulnerability's network accessibility and lack of authentication requirements increase the risk of widespread exploitation, particularly in sectors with high regulatory scrutiny such as finance, healthcare, and government. Additionally, the potential for attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands could be leveraged to implant persistent backdoors or exfiltrate data stealthily, complicating detection and remediation efforts.

Organizations should immediately inventory their use of SUNNET Corporate Training Management System and identify affected versions prior to 10.11. Since no official patches are currently available, interim mitigations include deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) configured to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the system. Implement strict input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied data fields within the application environment. Conduct thorough code reviews and penetration testing focused on SQL injection vectors. Network segmentation should be enforced to limit database access only to necessary application servers. Monitor logs for unusual database queries or error messages indicative of injection attempts. Prepare incident response plans to quickly address potential exploitation. Once vendor patches are released, prioritize immediate application and verify remediation through vulnerability scanning. Additionally, consider employing database activity monitoring tools to detect anomalous SQL commands in real time.