CVE-2025-54959 is a path traversal vulnerability identified in the Powered BLUE 870 server product developed by Mubit co.,ltd. This vulnerability affects versions 0.20130927 and earlier. The flaw arises due to improper limitation of pathname inputs to a restricted directory, allowing an attacker to manipulate file paths and access arbitrary files outside the intended directory scope. Exploiting this vulnerability can lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive files on the affected system. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.0 base score of 4.3, indicating medium severity. The vector details specify that the attack can be performed remotely over the network (AV:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L) but requires some level of privileges (PR:L) on the system. No user interaction is needed (UI:N), and the impact is limited to confidentiality (C:L) without affecting integrity or availability. There are no known exploits in the wild at the time of publication, and no patches or mitigations have been explicitly linked in the provided data. The vulnerability was published on August 8, 2025, and was reserved a few days earlier. The technical root cause is the failure to properly sanitize or restrict pathname inputs, which is a common issue in web or file server applications that handle user-supplied file paths. This can allow attackers to traverse directories using sequences like '../' to access files outside the intended directory, potentially exposing configuration files, credentials, or other sensitive data stored on the server.

For European organizations using the Powered BLUE 870 server, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized data disclosure. Sensitive internal files, configuration data, or proprietary information could be exposed if an attacker gains access to the system and exploits the path traversal flaw. Although the vulnerability requires some level of privileges, this could be achieved through other vulnerabilities or weak credentials, making it a potential stepping stone in a multi-stage attack. The confidentiality breach could lead to information leakage, regulatory compliance violations (e.g., GDPR), and reputational damage. Since the vulnerability does not affect integrity or availability, it is less likely to cause direct service disruption or data tampering. However, the exposure of sensitive files could facilitate further attacks or espionage. European organizations in sectors such as manufacturing, critical infrastructure, or government that rely on Powered BLUE 870 servers for operational technology or internal services may be particularly impacted. The medium severity rating suggests that while the risk is notable, it is not immediately critical, but should be addressed promptly to prevent exploitation.

To mitigate CVE-2025-54959, organizations should first verify if they are running affected versions (0.20130927 or earlier) of Powered BLUE 870 and plan to upgrade to a patched version once available. In the absence of an official patch, administrators should implement strict input validation and sanitization on all file path inputs to ensure traversal sequences like '../' are blocked or properly handled. Employing web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block path traversal attempts can provide an additional layer of defense. Restricting file system permissions to limit the server process access only to necessary directories can reduce the impact of successful exploitation. Regularly auditing server logs for suspicious file access patterns and monitoring for privilege escalation attempts is recommended. Network segmentation and limiting access to the Powered BLUE 870 server to trusted internal networks can reduce exposure. Finally, enforcing strong authentication and access controls to prevent attackers from obtaining the required privileges to exploit this vulnerability is critical.