CVE-2025-5507 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in the TOTOLINK A3002RU router, specifically in version 2.1.1-B20230720.1011. The vulnerability resides in the MAC Filtering page of the router's web interface, where the 'Comment' parameter can be manipulated by an attacker to inject malicious scripts. This flaw allows an attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of the victim's browser when they access the affected page. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring authentication, although the CVSS vector indicates a requirement for high privileges (PR:H) and user interaction (UI:P), suggesting that exploitation may require an authenticated user to interact with a crafted link or page. The vendor has been contacted but has not responded or provided a patch, and the exploit details have been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation. The CVSS score of 4.8 (medium severity) reflects the moderate impact of this vulnerability, with limited confidentiality impact but potential for session hijacking, phishing, or other client-side attacks. The vulnerability does not affect the router's core functionality or availability but compromises the integrity of the web interface and the security of users interacting with it.

For European organizations using TOTOLINK A3002RU routers, this vulnerability poses a risk primarily to the security of network administrators or users who access the router's management interface. Successful exploitation could lead to session hijacking, credential theft, or execution of malicious scripts that could pivot attacks into the internal network. While the direct impact on network infrastructure availability is low, the potential for lateral movement or data compromise exists if attackers leverage the XSS to gain further access. Organizations in sectors with stringent data protection requirements (e.g., finance, healthcare, government) may face compliance risks if such vulnerabilities are exploited. Additionally, since the exploit requires user interaction and possibly authentication, the risk is somewhat mitigated but still significant in environments where multiple users have access to router management interfaces. The lack of vendor response and patch availability increases exposure time, necessitating proactive mitigation.

1. Immediately restrict access to the router's management interface to trusted IP addresses or VPN connections to reduce exposure. 2. Implement strict network segmentation to isolate management interfaces from general user networks. 3. Educate users and administrators about the risks of clicking on suspicious links or interacting with untrusted content related to router management. 4. Monitor network traffic and logs for unusual activity or attempts to exploit the MAC Filtering page. 5. If possible, disable the MAC Filtering feature or the affected web interface component until a vendor patch is available. 6. Regularly check for vendor updates or community patches addressing this vulnerability. 7. Consider replacing affected devices with models from vendors with active security support if the risk is unacceptable. 8. Employ web application firewalls (WAF) or intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) to detect and block XSS attack patterns targeting the router's interface.