CVE-2025-5521 is a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability identified in WuKongOpenSource's WukongCRM version 9.0. The vulnerability affects an unspecified functionality within the endpoint /system/user/updataPassword, which appears to be related to password updates. CSRF vulnerabilities allow an attacker to trick an authenticated user into submitting a forged request to the vulnerable web application, causing the application to perform unwanted actions on behalf of the user without their consent. In this case, the attacker could potentially manipulate password update requests remotely, exploiting the lack of proper CSRF protections such as anti-CSRF tokens or origin checks. The vulnerability requires no privileges and no authentication, but it does require user interaction (the victim must visit a malicious page). The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3 (medium severity), reflecting that the attack vector is network-based, with low attack complexity, no privileges required, but user interaction is necessary. The impact on confidentiality is none, integrity impact is low (partial modification of data, e.g., password changes), and availability impact is none. The vendor was contacted but did not respond, and no patches or mitigations have been published yet. The exploit details have been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation, although no known exploits in the wild have been reported so far. This vulnerability could allow attackers to change user passwords without authorization, potentially locking out legitimate users or facilitating further account compromise if combined with other vulnerabilities or social engineering.

For European organizations using WukongCRM 9.0, this vulnerability poses a moderate risk. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to change passwords of users remotely, potentially disrupting business operations by denying access to legitimate users or enabling unauthorized access if attackers leverage password resets to escalate privileges or pivot within the network. Since WukongCRM is a customer relationship management system, unauthorized password changes could lead to loss of control over sensitive customer data, impacting data integrity and potentially violating GDPR requirements for data protection and breach notification. The lack of vendor response and absence of patches increases exposure time, raising the risk for organizations that have not implemented compensating controls. The requirement for user interaction means phishing or social engineering campaigns could be used to lure users into triggering the attack, which is a common tactic in targeted attacks against European enterprises. The medium severity rating suggests that while the vulnerability is not critical, it should be addressed promptly to prevent potential account lockouts and unauthorized access incidents.

1. Implement immediate compensating controls such as web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block suspicious CSRF attack patterns targeting the /system/user/updataPassword endpoint. 2. Educate users about phishing and social engineering risks to reduce the likelihood of user interaction leading to exploitation. 3. Restrict access to the WukongCRM application to trusted networks or VPNs to limit exposure to external attackers. 4. Monitor logs for unusual password change requests or patterns indicative of CSRF exploitation attempts. 5. If possible, disable or restrict the vulnerable functionality until a patch is available. 6. Develop and deploy custom CSRF protections such as anti-CSRF tokens or same-site cookies if source code access is available. 7. Engage with WuKongOpenSource or community forks for updates or unofficial patches. 8. Plan for incident response procedures to quickly recover from unauthorized password changes, including multi-factor authentication enforcement and password reset workflows.