CVE-2025-55325 is a buffer over-read vulnerability classified under CWE-126 affecting the Windows Storage Management Provider component in Microsoft Windows 11 Version 25H2 (build 10.0.26200.0). A buffer over-read occurs when a program reads data beyond the allocated buffer boundaries, potentially exposing sensitive information stored in adjacent memory. This vulnerability allows an attacker with authorized local access and low privileges to read memory contents that should be inaccessible, leading to information disclosure. The attack vector requires local access (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), and privileges (PR:L), but no user interaction (UI:N). The vulnerability impacts confidentiality (C:H) but does not affect integrity or availability. The scope is unchanged (S:U), meaning the impact is limited to the vulnerable component and does not extend beyond the local system. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.5, indicating a medium severity risk. No public exploits or active exploitation have been reported as of the publication date (October 14, 2025). The vulnerability was reserved in August 2025 and published shortly thereafter. Since the vulnerability affects a core Windows component responsible for storage management, it could expose sensitive system or user data if exploited. However, exploitation requires local access with some privileges, limiting remote attack feasibility. Organizations running Windows 11 25H2 should monitor for patches and advisories from Microsoft.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk of local information disclosure, which could lead to leakage of sensitive data such as credentials, encryption keys, or proprietary information stored in memory. While the vulnerability does not allow remote exploitation or system compromise, insider threats or attackers who gain local access could leverage this flaw to escalate their knowledge of the system environment. This could facilitate further attacks or data exfiltration. Sectors with high-value data, such as finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure, are particularly at risk. The impact on confidentiality could undermine compliance with GDPR and other data protection regulations if sensitive personal or corporate data is exposed. Since the vulnerability does not affect system integrity or availability, operational disruption is unlikely. However, the potential for information leakage warrants prompt mitigation to reduce insider threat risks and lateral movement opportunities within networks.

Organizations should prioritize deploying official patches from Microsoft once available for Windows 11 Version 25H2 (build 10.0.26200.0). Until patches are released, restrict local access to trusted and authorized personnel only, minimizing the risk of exploitation by unauthorized users. Employ strict access controls and monitoring on systems running the affected Windows version, including endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to detect suspicious local activity. Regularly audit user privileges and remove unnecessary local administrative rights. Use application whitelisting and system hardening to reduce attack surface. Consider isolating sensitive systems or data stores to limit exposure. Educate users about the risks of local privilege misuse and enforce strong physical security controls to prevent unauthorized local access. Maintain up-to-date backups and incident response plans to quickly address any potential exploitation.