CVE-2025-55342 is a security vulnerability identified in Quipux, a document management system, specifically affecting versions up to 4.0.1 through the e1774ac build. The vulnerability resides in the password reset validation script located at Administracion/usuarios/cambiar_password_olvido_validar.php, where the txt_login parameter can be manipulated to enumerate usernames and extract the Ecuadorian identification numbers (cédula) of all registered users. This flaw enables an attacker to systematically query the system to confirm valid usernames and retrieve sensitive personal identification data without requiring authentication or user interaction. The vulnerability essentially leaks personally identifiable information (PII), which can be leveraged for further attacks such as social engineering, identity theft, or targeted phishing campaigns. Although no CVSS score has been assigned and no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the nature of the vulnerability suggests a significant privacy risk. The lack of authentication barriers and the direct exposure of national ID numbers make this a critical privacy breach, especially for organizations managing Ecuadorian user data. The vulnerability was reserved in August 2025 and published in November 2025, indicating recent discovery and disclosure. No patches or fixes are currently linked, emphasizing the need for immediate mitigation efforts by affected parties.

The primary impact of CVE-2025-55342 is the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive personal information, specifically Ecuadorian national identification numbers linked to usernames. For European organizations, this poses several risks: violation of GDPR and other data protection regulations due to exposure of PII, potential legal and financial penalties, and reputational damage. Organizations with Ecuadorian clients, partners, or employees are particularly vulnerable. The exposed data can facilitate identity theft, fraud, and targeted social engineering attacks. Additionally, the ability to enumerate valid usernames can aid attackers in crafting more effective credential stuffing or brute force attacks, potentially leading to further compromise. The vulnerability undermines user privacy and trust, and if exploited at scale, could result in significant data breaches. The absence of authentication requirements and user interaction lowers the barrier for exploitation, increasing the likelihood of automated attacks. European entities involved in cross-border data processing or with Ecuadorian ties must consider this vulnerability a serious threat to their information security posture.

To mitigate CVE-2025-55342, organizations should immediately restrict access to the vulnerable password reset validation endpoint, ideally limiting it to trusted internal networks or authenticated users only. Implementing rate limiting and anomaly detection on the txt_login parameter can help prevent automated enumeration attacks. Monitoring logs for unusual access patterns to the Administracion/usuarios/cambiar_password_olvido_validar.php script is critical for early detection. Organizations should engage with Quipux vendors or developers to obtain patches or updates addressing this vulnerability as soon as they become available. In the interim, consider disabling or replacing the vulnerable password reset functionality with a more secure alternative that does not expose sensitive data. Conducting a thorough audit of user data exposure and notifying affected users in compliance with GDPR is recommended. Additionally, enhancing user authentication mechanisms and employing multi-factor authentication can reduce the risk of subsequent attacks leveraging enumerated usernames. Finally, educating users about phishing and social engineering risks related to exposed PII will help mitigate downstream exploitation.