CVE-2025-55342 is a vulnerability identified in Quipux, a document management system, specifically in versions up to 4.0.1 through e1774ac. The flaw exists in the password reset validation script located at Administracion/usuarios/cambiar_password_olvido_validar.php. An attacker can exploit the txt_login parameter to enumerate valid usernames and retrieve the corresponding Ecuadorian identification numbers (cedula) of all registered users. This vulnerability is classified under CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor). The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires no privileges (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and affects confidentiality only (C:L), with no impact on integrity or availability. The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to gather sensitive personal information, which could be leveraged for further attacks such as social engineering or identity theft. No patches or fixes are currently listed, and no known exploits have been reported in the wild. The vulnerability was reserved in August 2025 and published in November 2025, indicating recent discovery. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.3, reflecting medium severity due to the ease of exploitation and the sensitivity of the data exposed. The vulnerability’s scope is limited to information disclosure without direct system compromise but poses significant privacy risks, especially for organizations managing Ecuadorian user data or using Quipux in their workflows.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-55342 lies in the unauthorized disclosure of personally identifiable information (PII), specifically Ecuadorian national identification numbers. Organizations processing or storing data of Ecuadorian nationals, such as multinational companies, embassies, or service providers, could face violations of GDPR and other privacy regulations, leading to legal penalties and reputational damage. The exposure of usernames combined with national IDs increases the risk of targeted phishing, identity theft, and social engineering attacks. Although the vulnerability does not affect system integrity or availability, the confidentiality breach can undermine trust and complicate compliance efforts. Additionally, organizations using Quipux for document management may need to assess their exposure and remediate promptly to avoid data leaks. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially if attackers develop automated tools for enumeration. The vulnerability’s network accessibility and lack of authentication requirements make it a relatively easy target for remote attackers, increasing the urgency for mitigation in affected environments.

1. Immediately restrict access to the Administracion/usuarios/cambiar_password_olvido_validar.php endpoint by implementing network-level controls such as IP whitelisting or VPN access to limit exposure. 2. Apply strict input validation and output encoding on the txt_login parameter to prevent enumeration and data leakage. 3. Implement rate limiting and anomaly detection to identify and block automated enumeration attempts. 4. Monitor logs for unusual access patterns to the password reset validation script and investigate suspicious activities. 5. Engage with Quipux vendors or maintainers to obtain security patches or updates addressing this vulnerability and deploy them as soon as available. 6. Conduct a thorough audit of user data exposure and notify affected users and relevant data protection authorities if a breach is suspected. 7. Review and enhance privacy policies and incident response plans to handle potential data disclosure incidents involving national identification numbers. 8. Educate staff and users about phishing risks related to exposed user information to reduce the likelihood of successful social engineering attacks.