CVE-2025-55471 is a vulnerability identified in the youlai-boot software version 2.21.1, specifically within the getUserFormData function. The root cause is incorrect access control, which allows attackers to bypass authorization checks and retrieve sensitive information belonging to other users. This vulnerability does not require any privileges or user interaction, making it remotely exploitable over the network. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.5, reflecting a high severity due to the ease of exploitation (attack vector: network, attack complexity: low) and the significant confidentiality impact (complete disclosure of sensitive user data). The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) and CWE-862 (Missing Authorization). Although no patches or known exploits are currently available, the exposure of sensitive user data could lead to privacy violations, regulatory non-compliance, and reputational damage. The lack of integrity and availability impact means the vulnerability does not allow data modification or service disruption, but the confidentiality breach alone is critical. Organizations using youlai-boot should prioritize assessing their exposure and implementing access control fixes.

For European organizations, the primary impact is the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive user information, which can lead to privacy breaches and violations of GDPR and other data protection regulations. This can result in significant fines and legal consequences. The vulnerability's ease of exploitation means attackers can remotely access data without authentication, increasing the risk of large-scale data leaks. Organizations in sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government, where sensitive personal data is handled, face heightened risks. Additionally, the exposure of user data can facilitate further attacks like identity theft, phishing, and social engineering. Although the vulnerability does not affect system integrity or availability, the confidentiality breach alone can severely damage trust and operational security. The absence of known exploits provides a window for proactive mitigation before active exploitation occurs.

Immediate mitigation should focus on implementing strict access control checks within the getUserFormData function to ensure that users can only access their own data. Code audits and security reviews should be conducted to identify and remediate similar access control weaknesses. Organizations should monitor network traffic and logs for unusual access patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. Employing Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block unauthorized access to user data endpoints can provide temporary protection. Until an official patch is released, consider restricting external access to the affected service or isolating it within secure network segments. Additionally, enforce strong authentication and authorization mechanisms across the application. Regularly update and test incident response plans to quickly address any data breaches resulting from this vulnerability.