CVE-2025-55495 is a buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Tenda AC6 router firmware version V15.03.06.23_multi. The flaw exists in the fromSetIpMacBind function, specifically triggered via the 'list' parameter. Buffer overflow vulnerabilities occur when a program writes more data to a buffer than it can hold, potentially overwriting adjacent memory. In this case, the vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service by crashing the device. The fromSetIpMacBind function likely handles binding IP addresses to MAC addresses, a feature used in network management and security. Exploiting this vulnerability would require sending a specially crafted request to the affected router, targeting the 'list' parameter to overflow the buffer. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability is publicly disclosed and unpatched as of the publication date. The absence of a CVSS score indicates that the vulnerability has not yet been fully assessed for severity, but the nature of buffer overflows typically implies a high risk due to potential remote code execution or service disruption. The Tenda AC6 is a widely used consumer-grade Wi-Fi 6 router, often deployed in small offices and home networks. The firmware version affected is specific, and no other versions are explicitly mentioned. Given the router's role as a network gateway, successful exploitation could compromise network confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability could be significant, especially for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and home office setups relying on Tenda AC6 routers. A successful exploit could allow attackers to gain unauthorized control over the router, enabling interception or manipulation of network traffic, installation of persistent malware, or disruption of internet connectivity. This could lead to data breaches, espionage, or operational downtime. Since routers serve as the first line of defense and traffic control, their compromise can undermine the security posture of the entire network. Additionally, compromised routers could be leveraged as part of botnets for distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, further impacting organizational availability and reputation. The lack of known exploits currently provides a window for mitigation, but the public disclosure increases the risk of future exploitation attempts. Organizations with remote or hybrid workforces using these routers at home are also at risk, potentially exposing corporate networks through less secure endpoints.

1. Immediate mitigation should include identifying all Tenda AC6 routers running the vulnerable firmware version (V15.03.06.23_multi) within the organization’s network and connected endpoints. 2. Since no official patch or update link is provided, organizations should monitor Tenda’s official channels for firmware updates addressing this vulnerability and apply them promptly once available. 3. As a temporary measure, restrict access to router management interfaces to trusted IP addresses only, ideally limiting remote management or disabling it entirely if not required. 4. Implement network segmentation to isolate vulnerable routers from critical systems and sensitive data. 5. Employ network intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) to monitor for anomalous traffic patterns or exploitation attempts targeting the 'list' parameter or related functions. 6. Educate users about the risks of using outdated router firmware and encourage regular updates. 7. Consider replacing vulnerable devices with models from vendors with stronger security track records if patches are delayed or unavailable. 8. Conduct regular vulnerability scans and penetration tests focusing on network infrastructure devices to detect similar issues proactively.