CVE-2025-5554 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Rail Pass Management System, specifically within the /admin/pass-bwdates-reports-details.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'fromdate' and 'todate' input parameters, which are used in SQL queries. An attacker can manipulate these parameters to inject malicious SQL code, potentially allowing unauthorized access to or modification of the backend database. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring user interaction or authentication, increasing its risk profile. Although the CVSS 4.0 score is 5.3 (medium severity), the vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability to some extent, as it could lead to unauthorized data disclosure or alteration. The lack of a patch or mitigation guidance at the time of publication increases the urgency for affected organizations to implement compensating controls. The vulnerability is publicly disclosed but has no known exploits in the wild yet. The attack vector is network-based with low attack complexity and no privileges required, making it accessible to a wide range of attackers. The scope is limited to the affected version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Rail Pass Management System, which is a niche product used for managing rail pass bookings and reports.

For European organizations using the PHPGurukul Rail Pass Management System, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive passenger data, including travel dates and personal information, which may violate GDPR and other data protection regulations. The integrity of rail pass data could be compromised, potentially allowing attackers to manipulate travel records or generate fraudulent passes. Availability could also be impacted if attackers execute destructive SQL commands. This could disrupt rail pass management operations, causing service interruptions and reputational damage. Given the critical nature of transportation infrastructure and the importance of secure passenger data handling in Europe, exploitation of this vulnerability could have significant operational and regulatory consequences. Additionally, attackers could leverage this vulnerability as a foothold for further network intrusion if the system is connected to broader organizational networks.

Since no official patch or update is currently available, European organizations should implement immediate compensating controls. These include: 1) Applying strict input validation and sanitization on the 'fromdate' and 'todate' parameters at the web application firewall (WAF) or reverse proxy level to block malicious SQL payloads. 2) Restricting access to the /admin/pass-bwdates-reports-details.php endpoint to trusted IP addresses or VPN users only. 3) Conducting thorough code reviews and applying parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application code to prevent SQL injection. 4) Monitoring database logs and web server logs for suspicious query patterns or repeated failed attempts targeting these parameters. 5) Isolating the Rail Pass Management System from critical internal networks to limit lateral movement in case of compromise. 6) Preparing incident response plans specific to this vulnerability and training staff to recognize exploitation signs. Organizations should also engage with PHPGurukul or the vendor community to obtain patches or updates as soon as they become available.