CVE-2025-5557 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Teacher Subject Allocation Management System, specifically within the /admin/edit-course.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'editid' parameter, which is used in SQL queries. An attacker can remotely manipulate this parameter to inject malicious SQL code, potentially allowing unauthorized access to the backend database. This could lead to unauthorized data disclosure, modification, or deletion, depending on the database privileges. The vulnerability does not require user interaction or authentication, making it remotely exploitable over the network. Although the CVSS v4.0 score is 5.3 (medium severity), the classification as critical in the description suggests the potential for significant impact if exploited. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0 of the product, and no official patches or mitigations have been published yet. No known exploits are currently observed in the wild, but public disclosure increases the risk of exploitation attempts.

For European organizations using the PHPGurukul Teacher Subject Allocation Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of their educational data. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive information such as teacher assignments, course details, and potentially personal data of staff and students. This could result in data breaches, disruption of educational operations, and reputational damage. Given the remote exploitability without authentication, attackers could leverage this vulnerability to gain persistent access or pivot within the network. The impact is particularly critical for educational institutions that rely on this system for administrative functions, as compromised data integrity could affect scheduling and resource allocation. Additionally, regulatory compliance risks under GDPR arise if personal data is exposed.

Organizations should immediately audit their use of the PHPGurukul Teacher Subject Allocation Management System and identify any instances of version 1.0 in deployment. As no official patches are currently available, temporary mitigations include implementing web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the 'editid' parameter. Input validation and parameterized queries should be enforced at the application level if source code access is possible. Restricting access to the /admin/edit-course.php endpoint via network segmentation or IP whitelisting can reduce exposure. Monitoring logs for unusual database query patterns or repeated access attempts to the vulnerable endpoint is recommended. Organizations should also plan for an upgrade or patch deployment once available from the vendor. Finally, conducting a thorough security review of all web applications handling sensitive data is advised to prevent similar vulnerabilities.