CVE-2025-5558 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Teacher Subject Allocation Management System, specifically within the /admin/changeimage.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'editid' parameter, which is used in SQL queries. An attacker can manipulate this parameter remotely without authentication or user interaction to inject malicious SQL commands. This can lead to unauthorized access to the backend database, allowing attackers to read, modify, or delete sensitive data related to teacher subject allocations or potentially escalate privileges within the system. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, although no known exploits are currently observed in the wild. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3 (medium severity), reflecting network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction, and limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. However, the presence of SQL Injection in an administrative module poses a significant risk if exploited, as it may compromise sensitive educational data and system integrity.

For European organizations, especially educational institutions or administrative bodies using the PHPGurukul Teacher Subject Allocation Management System, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized data exposure or manipulation. Compromise of teacher allocation data could disrupt academic scheduling and resource planning, potentially impacting operational continuity. Additionally, attackers could leverage the vulnerability to gain deeper access into the system, possibly pivoting to other internal resources. Given the administrative nature of the affected module, the integrity and confidentiality of sensitive personnel and scheduling data are at risk. This could also result in reputational damage and regulatory non-compliance under GDPR if personal data is exposed or altered.

Organizations should immediately audit their use of PHPGurukul Teacher Subject Allocation Management System version 1.0 and restrict access to the /admin/changeimage.php endpoint through network-level controls such as IP whitelisting or VPN access. Input validation and parameterized queries must be implemented to sanitize the 'editid' parameter and prevent SQL Injection. If a patch is not yet available, consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL Injection patterns targeting this parameter. Regularly monitor logs for suspicious activity related to the 'editid' parameter. Additionally, conduct a thorough security review of all administrative interfaces and ensure least privilege principles are enforced for user accounts. Organizations should also prepare incident response plans to quickly address any potential exploitation.