CVE-2025-55682 is a vulnerability identified in Microsoft Windows 11 Version 25H2 (build 10.0.26200.0) that affects the BitLocker full disk encryption feature. The root cause is an improper enforcement of behavioral workflow, classified under CWE-841, which refers to insufficient enforcement of expected sequences of operations or state transitions within software. In this case, the flaw allows an attacker with physical access to the device to bypass BitLocker's security mechanisms, potentially gaining unauthorized access to encrypted data. The vulnerability does not require any user interaction or prior authentication, but physical access to the device is mandatory, making it a physical attack vector. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 6.1 (medium severity), with the vector indicating physical attack vector (AV:P), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), high confidentiality and integrity impact (C:H/I:H), and no availability impact (A:N). No known exploits have been reported in the wild as of the publication date (October 14, 2025). The vulnerability highlights a critical weakness in the enforcement of BitLocker's operational workflow, which could undermine the trust in Windows 11's encryption capabilities if exploited. Organizations relying on BitLocker for data protection must be aware of this risk, especially in scenarios where devices may be physically accessible to adversaries.

The primary impact of CVE-2025-55682 is the compromise of confidentiality and integrity of data protected by BitLocker encryption on affected Windows 11 Version 25H2 devices. For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to sensitive data stored on laptops, desktops, and mobile devices, especially in sectors such as government, finance, healthcare, and critical infrastructure where data protection is paramount. Physical access requirements mean that environments with less stringent physical security controls—such as remote work setups, shared workspaces, or devices left unattended—are particularly vulnerable. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized data disclosure, data tampering, and potential regulatory non-compliance under GDPR due to failure to protect personal data adequately. The lack of availability impact means systems remain operational, but the breach of confidentiality and integrity could facilitate further attacks or data exfiltration. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, as attackers may develop exploits over time. European organizations must consider this vulnerability in their risk assessments and physical security policies.

1. Enhance physical security controls: Restrict physical access to devices using secure storage, access control systems, and surveillance, especially for laptops and mobile devices. 2. Implement strict device handling policies: Educate employees on the risks of leaving devices unattended and enforce policies for secure device usage. 3. Monitor for and apply Microsoft patches promptly once available: Although no patches are linked yet, organizations should track updates from Microsoft and deploy them immediately upon release. 4. Use multi-factor authentication combined with BitLocker where possible to add layers of security beyond encryption. 5. Employ hardware-based security modules such as TPM with PIN or startup key requirements to strengthen BitLocker protection. 6. Conduct regular security audits and penetration tests focusing on physical security and encryption enforcement. 7. Consider additional encryption or data protection solutions that complement BitLocker to mitigate risks from physical attacks. 8. Maintain an incident response plan that includes procedures for suspected physical compromise of devices.