CVE-2025-55694 is a vulnerability identified in Microsoft Windows 11 Version 25H2 (build 10.0.26200.0) that involves improper access control within the Windows Error Reporting component. The weakness is classified under CWE-284, indicating that the system fails to enforce correct access restrictions, allowing an attacker with local authorized access to elevate their privileges on the affected system. Specifically, an attacker who already has some level of access can exploit this flaw to gain higher privileges, potentially SYSTEM-level, without requiring any user interaction. This elevation can lead to full system compromise, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code, access sensitive data, or disrupt system availability. The CVSS v3.1 score of 7.8 reflects a high severity due to the combination of local attack vector, low complexity, required privileges, and the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no exploits have been reported in the wild yet, the vulnerability poses a significant risk in environments where users have limited privileges but local access, such as corporate endpoints or shared workstations. The lack of user interaction requirement increases the risk of automated or stealthy exploitation once a proof-of-concept or exploit code becomes available. The vulnerability was reserved in August 2025 and published in October 2025, but no official patches or mitigations have been linked yet, indicating that organizations must remain vigilant and prepare for imminent updates from Microsoft.

For European organizations, this vulnerability presents a serious risk, particularly in sectors where Windows 11 25H2 is widely deployed, including finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure. Successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized privilege escalation, enabling attackers to bypass security controls, access confidential information, manipulate system configurations, or deploy malware with elevated rights. This can result in data breaches, operational disruptions, and compliance violations under regulations such as GDPR. The local attack vector means that insider threats or attackers who gain initial foothold through phishing or physical access can leverage this vulnerability to deepen their control. Given the high adoption rate of Windows 11 in Europe and the critical nature of many targeted industries, the potential impact includes significant financial losses, reputational damage, and regulatory penalties. The absence of known exploits currently provides a window for proactive defense, but the risk of rapid exploitation post-patch release or leak of exploit code remains high.

Organizations should prepare to deploy security updates from Microsoft as soon as they become available for Windows 11 Version 25H2. In the interim, they should enforce the principle of least privilege by restricting local user permissions and limiting administrative rights to essential personnel only. Implementing application whitelisting and endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions can help detect anomalous privilege escalation attempts. Regularly auditing local accounts and monitoring Windows Error Reporting logs for suspicious activity can provide early warning signs. Network segmentation and strong physical security controls reduce the risk of unauthorized local access. Additionally, organizations should educate users about the risks of local access and enforce strict policies on removable media and remote desktop usage to minimize attack surface. Finally, maintaining up-to-date backups and incident response plans will aid in recovery if exploitation occurs.