CVE-2025-5574 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.3 of the PHPGurukul Dairy Farm Shop Management System, specifically within the /add-company.php file. The vulnerability arises due to improper sanitization or validation of the 'companyname' parameter, which is directly used in SQL queries. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary SQL code, potentially manipulating the backend database. The attack vector requires no authentication or user interaction and can be executed remotely over the network. The vulnerability is classified with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.9, indicating a medium severity level. The CVSS vector highlights that the attack requires no privileges and no user interaction, with low impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although the exploit has been publicly disclosed, there are no known active exploits in the wild at this time. The absence of patches or mitigation links suggests that the vendor has not yet released an official fix. SQL Injection vulnerabilities can lead to unauthorized data access, data modification, or even complete compromise of the underlying database, depending on the attacker's skill and the database configuration. Given the nature of the affected system—a shop management system for dairy farms—successful exploitation could expose sensitive business data such as company records, transaction details, and customer information, potentially leading to financial loss and reputational damage.

For European organizations operating dairy farm shop management systems using PHPGurukul version 1.3, this vulnerability poses a tangible risk of data breach and operational disruption. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive business and customer data, undermining confidentiality. Integrity of business records could be compromised through unauthorized data modification, impacting financial reporting and inventory management. Availability may also be affected if attackers execute destructive SQL commands or cause database corruption. Given the critical role of shop management systems in daily operations, any disruption could result in operational downtime and financial losses. Additionally, exposure of personal data could trigger regulatory consequences under GDPR, including fines and mandatory breach notifications. The medium severity rating reflects limited impact scope but does not diminish the importance of timely remediation, especially for organizations with high data sensitivity or regulatory obligations.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately audit their use of PHPGurukul Dairy Farm Shop Management System version 1.3 and identify any exposed instances of /add-company.php. Since no official patch is currently available, the following specific actions are recommended: 1) Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the 'companyname' parameter. 2) Apply input validation and sanitization at the application level, ensuring that all user-supplied inputs are properly escaped or parameterized before database queries. 3) Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary, preventing execution of destructive commands even if injection occurs. 4) Monitor logs for suspicious database errors or unusual query patterns indicative of injection attempts. 5) Consider isolating the affected system behind network segmentation to limit exposure. 6) Engage with the vendor or community to track patch releases and plan prompt updates once available. 7) Conduct security testing, including automated scanning and manual penetration testing focused on SQL injection vectors, to verify the effectiveness of mitigations.