CVE-2025-5599 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.3 of the PHPGurukul Student Result Management System, specifically within the /editmyexp.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'emp1ctc' parameter, allowing an attacker to inject malicious SQL code remotely without any authentication or user interaction. This flaw enables an attacker to manipulate backend database queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or even complete compromise of the database. The vulnerability's CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9, indicating a medium severity level, with an attack vector of network (remote exploitation), low attack complexity, no privileges required, and no user interaction needed. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is low to limited, suggesting that while exploitation is feasible remotely and easily, the scope of damage may be constrained by the application’s design or database permissions. No official patches or fixes have been disclosed yet, and although no known exploits are currently active in the wild, the public disclosure of the vulnerability increases the risk of exploitation by threat actors. Given the nature of the Student Result Management System, which likely stores sensitive academic records and personal information, exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of student data, alteration of academic results, or disruption of educational services.

For European organizations, particularly educational institutions using PHPGurukul Student Result Management System version 1.3, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of student records. Unauthorized access or manipulation of academic results can undermine trust in educational institutions, lead to legal and regulatory repercussions under GDPR due to exposure of personal data, and disrupt administrative operations. The ability to exploit this vulnerability remotely without authentication increases the attack surface, making it accessible to a wide range of attackers, including opportunistic cybercriminals and potentially state-sponsored actors targeting educational infrastructure. The impact extends beyond data loss to reputational damage and potential financial penalties. Additionally, if attackers leverage this vulnerability to gain deeper access into the network, it could serve as a foothold for further lateral movement or ransomware deployment, amplifying the threat to European educational organizations.

Organizations should immediately audit their use of PHPGurukul Student Result Management System and identify any instances running version 1.3. Since no official patch is currently available, temporary mitigations include implementing web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the 'emp1ctc' parameter. Input validation and sanitization should be enforced at the application level to reject or properly escape suspicious input. Network segmentation can limit the exposure of the management system to only trusted internal users or IP ranges. Monitoring and logging of database queries and web application logs should be enhanced to detect anomalous activities indicative of SQL injection attempts. Organizations should also prepare for rapid patch deployment once an official fix is released and consider alternative student management solutions if remediation is delayed. Regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on injection flaws are recommended to proactively identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.