CVE-2025-56212 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in the phpgurukul Hospital Management System version 4.0, specifically within the add-doctor.php script via the 'docname' parameter. SQL Injection (CWE-89) vulnerabilities occur when untrusted input is improperly sanitized and directly incorporated into SQL queries, allowing an attacker to manipulate the database query structure. In this case, the vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker to inject malicious SQL code remotely (AV:N - network attack vector) without any privileges (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N). The vulnerability affects the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the backend database, as indicated by the CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (critical). Exploiting this flaw could enable attackers to extract sensitive patient and hospital data, modify or delete records, or even execute administrative commands on the database server. The vulnerability is present in a core module responsible for adding doctor records, which is a critical function in hospital management systems. No patches or mitigations have been published yet, and no known exploits are currently observed in the wild, but the high severity and ease of exploitation make it a significant risk. The vulnerability was reserved on August 16, 2025, and published on August 25, 2025.

For European organizations, especially hospitals and healthcare providers using the phpgurukul Hospital Management System 4.0, this vulnerability poses a severe risk. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive patient health information, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, potentially resulting in heavy fines and reputational damage. Integrity of medical records could be compromised, leading to incorrect diagnoses or treatments, which could endanger patient safety. Availability of hospital management services could also be disrupted, impacting operational continuity and emergency response capabilities. Given the critical nature of healthcare infrastructure, exploitation could also have cascading effects on public health and safety. The lack of authentication and user interaction requirements means attackers can remotely exploit this vulnerability at scale, increasing the risk of widespread attacks across European healthcare networks.

Immediate mitigation steps include implementing web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the 'docname' parameter in add-doctor.php. Organizations should conduct thorough input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied data, employing parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent injection. Since no official patches are currently available, temporary measures such as disabling the vulnerable functionality or restricting access to the add-doctor.php endpoint via network segmentation or IP whitelisting can reduce exposure. Regular security audits and penetration testing should be conducted to identify similar injection points. Additionally, monitoring database logs for suspicious queries and anomalous activity can help detect exploitation attempts early. Organizations should also prepare incident response plans specific to healthcare data breaches and ensure backups are securely maintained to enable recovery from potential data tampering or deletion.