CVE-2025-5627 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the code-projects Patient Record Management System, specifically within the /sputum_form.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'itr_no' parameter, which an attacker can manipulate to inject malicious SQL code. This injection flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary SQL commands on the backend database. Although the exact database type is unspecified, exploitation could lead to unauthorized data access, data modification, or even deletion. The vulnerability does not require user interaction or authentication, increasing its risk profile. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3, indicating a medium severity level, reflecting limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, and the presence of some privileges required (PR:L). No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been published yet. The vulnerability's presence in a patient record management system is particularly concerning due to the sensitive nature of healthcare data involved.

For European organizations, especially healthcare providers using the affected Patient Record Management System, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to patient data confidentiality and integrity. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive personal health information, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, potentially resulting in legal penalties and reputational damage. Data integrity could be compromised, affecting clinical decisions and patient safety. Availability impact appears limited but cannot be ruled out if attackers manipulate or delete critical records. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the attack vector increases the likelihood of exploitation, potentially enabling attackers to access or manipulate data without detection. Given the critical role of healthcare systems in Europe, any compromise could disrupt healthcare services and erode trust in digital health infrastructure.

Organizations should immediately audit their deployments of the code-projects Patient Record Management System version 1.0 to identify exposure to the /sputum_form.php endpoint. As no official patches are currently available, mitigation should focus on implementing web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the 'itr_no' parameter. Input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements should be enforced at the application level to sanitize inputs rigorously. Network segmentation and access controls should limit exposure of the vulnerable system to untrusted networks. Monitoring and logging of database queries and web application logs should be enhanced to detect anomalous activities indicative of exploitation attempts. Organizations should also prepare for rapid patch deployment once a fix is released and consider alternative patient record management solutions if remediation is delayed. Regular security assessments and penetration testing focusing on injection flaws are recommended to proactively identify similar vulnerabilities.