CVE-2025-5706 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul Human Metapneumovirus Testing Management System. The vulnerability resides in the /new-user-testing.php file, specifically through the manipulation of the 'state' parameter, which is susceptible to SQL injection attacks. This flaw allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands into the backend database queries without requiring any user interaction or privileges. The vulnerability could potentially affect other parameters as well, indicating a broader issue with input validation and sanitization within the application. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9, categorized as medium severity, reflecting the network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. However, the exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability could allow attackers to extract sensitive patient data, modify or delete records, or disrupt the availability of the testing management system, which is critical for managing human metapneumovirus testing data. The lack of available patches or mitigations at the time of disclosure further exacerbates the risk.

For European organizations, particularly healthcare providers and laboratories using the PHPGurukul Human Metapneumovirus Testing Management System, this vulnerability poses significant risks. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive patient health information, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, potentially resulting in legal penalties and reputational damage. Integrity of test results and patient records could be compromised, leading to incorrect diagnoses or treatment decisions. Availability disruptions could delay testing workflows, impacting public health responses to respiratory infections. Given the critical nature of healthcare data and the reliance on accurate testing management systems, the vulnerability could undermine trust in healthcare IT infrastructure and cause operational challenges. Additionally, the public disclosure of the exploit increases the likelihood of opportunistic attacks targeting vulnerable installations across Europe.

Immediate mitigation steps include implementing strict input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection in the /new-user-testing.php script and any other affected parameters. Organizations should conduct a thorough code review of the application to identify and remediate similar injection points. Network-level protections such as Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) can be configured to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable parameter. Monitoring and logging of database queries and application logs should be enhanced to detect suspicious activities. Since no official patches are currently available, organizations should consider isolating the affected system from external networks or restricting access to trusted IP addresses until a vendor patch is released. Regular backups of the database should be maintained to enable recovery in case of data tampering or loss. Finally, organizations should engage with the vendor for updates and apply patches promptly once available.