CVE-2025-57146 identifies a SQL Injection vulnerability in the phpGurukul Complaint Management System version 2.0, specifically in the user/reset-password.php script via the 'mobileno' parameter. SQL Injection is a critical web application security flaw that allows an attacker to manipulate backend SQL queries by injecting malicious input. In this case, the 'mobileno' parameter is not properly sanitized or validated before being used in SQL statements, enabling an attacker to execute arbitrary SQL commands against the database. This can lead to unauthorized data access, data modification, or even complete compromise of the underlying database. Since the vulnerability exists in the password reset functionality, exploitation could allow attackers to bypass authentication controls, reset user passwords, or extract sensitive user information such as credentials or personal data. The absence of a CVSS score and lack of known exploits in the wild suggest this vulnerability is newly disclosed and may not yet be actively exploited. However, the nature of SQL Injection vulnerabilities inherently poses a high risk due to their potential for severe impact and ease of exploitation if the application is accessible to attackers. The vulnerability affects phpGurukul Complaint Management System version 2.0, a PHP-based web application used for managing complaints, which may be deployed by organizations to handle customer or internal issue tracking. No patch or mitigation link is currently provided, indicating that users of this system should urgently review and secure the affected component.

For European organizations using the phpGurukul Complaint Management System, this vulnerability could have significant consequences. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive complaint data, including personal information of customers or employees, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. Attackers could manipulate or delete complaint records, undermining organizational processes and trust. The ability to reset passwords via SQL Injection could allow attackers to gain persistent access to the system, potentially escalating privileges or moving laterally within the network. This could result in data breaches, reputational damage, regulatory fines, and operational disruptions. Given the critical nature of complaint management systems in customer service and compliance workflows, any compromise could affect business continuity and stakeholder confidence. The lack of known exploits currently reduces immediate risk, but the vulnerability should be treated as high priority due to the sensitive nature of the affected functionality and the common exploitation of SQL Injection flaws in the wild.

Organizations should immediately audit their deployment of phpGurukul Complaint Management System to determine if version 2.0 or affected components are in use. In the absence of an official patch, mitigations include: 1) Implementing input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements in the 'user/reset-password.php' script to prevent SQL Injection. 2) Applying web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block SQL Injection attempts targeting the 'mobileno' parameter. 3) Restricting access to the password reset functionality to authenticated users or via multi-factor authentication to reduce exploitation risk. 4) Conducting code reviews and penetration testing focused on input sanitization and authentication flows. 5) Monitoring logs for suspicious activity related to password resets or unusual database queries. 6) Planning for an upgrade or patch deployment once available from the vendor or community. 7) Educating developers and administrators about secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities.