CVE-2025-57146 identifies a high-severity SQL Injection vulnerability in the phpGurukul Complaint Management System version 2.0, specifically within the user/reset-password.php script. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the 'mobileno' parameter, which is used in SQL queries without adequate input validation or parameterization. An attacker can exploit this flaw by injecting malicious SQL code through the 'mobileno' parameter, potentially manipulating the backend database. This can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive user data, including credentials and personal information, and may allow attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms or alter data integrity. The vulnerability does not require prior authentication (PR:N) but does require user interaction (UI:R), indicating that the attacker must trick a user into triggering the exploit, for example, by submitting a crafted request. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), meaning exploitation can be attempted remotely over the internet. The CVSS v3.1 score of 8.1 reflects the high impact on confidentiality and integrity, with no impact on availability. The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-89, which corresponds to SQL Injection, a common and critical web application security weakness. No patches or fixes have been published yet, and there are no known exploits in the wild at this time. However, given the nature of the vulnerability and the widespread use of PHP-based complaint management systems, this issue poses a significant risk if left unaddressed.

For European organizations using the phpGurukul Complaint Management System or similar PHP-based complaint management platforms, this vulnerability could lead to severe data breaches. Attackers exploiting this SQL Injection flaw could access or manipulate sensitive customer complaint data, including personal identifiers and contact information, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. The compromise of user credentials could facilitate further unauthorized access to internal systems, leading to broader network infiltration. Additionally, data integrity issues could undermine trust in complaint handling processes, affecting organizational reputation and customer confidence. Since the vulnerability requires user interaction, phishing or social engineering campaigns could be used to trigger the exploit, increasing the risk of targeted attacks against organizations with high volumes of customer interactions. The lack of available patches means organizations must rely on immediate mitigation strategies to prevent exploitation. Overall, the threat could result in significant legal, financial, and operational consequences for affected European entities.

1. Immediate mitigation should include implementing web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block malicious SQL injection payloads targeting the 'mobileno' parameter in the reset-password.php endpoint. 2. Conduct a thorough code review and refactor the vulnerable code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements, eliminating direct concatenation of user input into SQL commands. 3. Apply strict input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied data, particularly phone number fields, enforcing format and length constraints. 4. Monitor web server and application logs for unusual or suspicious requests to the reset-password.php script to identify potential exploitation attempts. 5. Educate users and administrators about phishing risks and the importance of cautious interaction with password reset functionalities. 6. If feasible, temporarily disable the vulnerable password reset functionality or restrict access to trusted IP ranges until a secure patch is available. 7. Stay updated with vendor advisories or community patches for phpGurukul Complaint Management System and apply official fixes promptly once released. 8. Conduct penetration testing focused on SQL Injection vectors to ensure no other similar vulnerabilities exist within the application.